Wound phases

Question 1

What are the phases of wound repair?

Answer 1

acute inflam
cel proliferation
angiogenesis
epithelialization
matrix synthesis and remodelling

Question 2

What are the three intention healins?

Answer 2

1. 1st intention healing “golden period”
2. 2nd intention healing
3. 3rd intention healing or delayed primary closure

Question 3

What are the features of 2nd intention healing?

Answer 3

gross contamination
tissue loss (debris/necrotic tissue)
granulation tissue

Question 4

What do you have to know about 1st intention healing?

Answer 4

1. anatomy/location
2. wound characteristics
3. vascular supply
4. degree of contamination

Question 5

How common are heel bulb lacerations?

Answer 5

extremely common

Question 6

What should you always do with heel bulb lacerations?

Answer 6

radiograph them!
may find P1 and P2 fractures
may have entered multiple joints, nerves, arteries
tap appropriate jointse

Question 7

What structures are near heel bulb lacerations?

Answer 7

1. tendon sheath
2. coffin/pastern/fetlock joints
3. navicular bursa
4. palpmar/plantar neruovascular bundle
5. etc???

Question 8

What are the special issues with rope and wire burns?

Answer 8

there is latent heat!!
latent heat necrosis–don’t know how bad it will be 7-10d post injury!
keep client expectations low
smooth wire cuts bad! may look ok but actually be bad

Question 9

What is the issue with trauma around pastern joint?

Answer 9

horses don’t tolerate wounds in this region very well

pastern osteoarthritis fairly common even if don’t have break in skin

Question 10

What are the benefits of bandages?

Answer 10

1. protects wound

2. reduces movement–less granulation tissue?

Question 11

What is an issue with bandage?

Answer 11

drops oxygen, ups CO2 and causes increased granulation tissue

Question 12

Why is it bad idea to put a bandage on a horse that is out in pasture with friends?

Answer 12

bandage slips, pressure sores etc

Question 13

What is a disadvantage of no bandage?

Answer 13

does not reduce movement so may promote excessive granulation tissue formation

Question 14

Why is bandage vs no bandage both acceptable?

Answer 14

can bandage frequently and keep animal in and have it heel faster or let out in pasture and will also heal without bandage

Question 15

What are the benefits of cast? what are disadvantages?

Answer 15

benefits:
1. little aftercare and not client dependent
disadvantages
1. more expensive intiitally
2. slightly increased risk

Question 16

What are benefits and disadvantages of bandages compared to casts?

Answer 16

benefits
1. cheaper at initial outlay
2. reduced risk
disadvantages
1. time consuming
2. client dependent

Question 17

What is the treatment of hoof avulsion?

Answer 17

May get into pastern, coffin joint (just avoid cutting into tendon because tendon is above the joints)
remove and put in foot cast

Question 18

What must you not have with skin grafts in horsess?

Answer 18

1. no cracks or crevices in granulation tissue–debride
2. no infection (staph, strep)
3. no movement

Question 19

What is a common method of grafts?

Answer 19

punch grafts to promote epithelialization instead of scar tissue formation

Question 20

What is an issue with cold water hosing?

Answer 20

hypotonic
makes the tissue look grey and water logged because it is
Maybe don’t hose 10-15min (too long)

Question 21

Where do wounds heal well?

Answer 21

1. body
2. proximal limb
3. distal limb?

Question 22

What are complications of wounds?

Answer 22

1. synovial infection
2. tendinous pathology
3. sequestration–avascularity and infection