Wound Healing Flashcards
Overall process
Hemostasis - minutes
Inflammation - 4 days
Proliferation - weeks
Remodelling - years
Hemostasis
Minutes
Vascular spasm
Platelet plug formation
Blood clotting
vWf
an adhesive glycoprotein for platelet adhesion
Thrombin
a blood plasma enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin
Fibrinogen
A soluble blood protein
Fibrin
A insoluble protein that forms a network to trap debris and cells, seals off damaged blood vessels
Bleeding Disorders
Hemophilia A: lack factor VIII
Hemophilia B: lack factor IX
(infusion)
Von Willebrand Disease: lack of vWf in quantity or quality
(desmopressin-injections)
Acquired: bone marrow cancer
(NSAIDs, ASA)
Blood Clotting Disorders
Hypercoagulopathy: ACQUIRED from drinking, overweight/obesity, pregnancy, birth control or hormone replacement therapy, prolonged immobility
GENETIC in detect of proteins needed to clot or substances that delay or dissolve blood clots
Sickle cell anemia: chronic hyper-activation of coagulation
Neutrophils
First responders
There as early as 1-2 hours, peaking 6-12 hours post injury, migrate for first 48 hours
Destroy debris and bacteria by ingestion
(phagocytosis)
Degranulating and release of toxic substances destroy
Produce chromatin and protease traps to kill bacteria
Macrophages
Second responders
Peak at 48-72 hours
Phagocytosis and secretes proteases and their inhibitors
Source of growth factors (EGF, TGF-beta) to regulate inflammatory process, stimulate angiogenesis, enhance formulation of tissue granulation
Lymphocytes
Appear after 72 hours
Believed to play role in modulation of wound environment
Bridges transition from inflammation to proliferation stage
Proliferation
Angiogenesis
Fibroblast migration
Epithelialization
Wound retraction
