Anatomy Terminology Flashcards
Emphasizes terms learned in previous anatomy classes
Anatomical position
Upright position
Anteriorly positioned palms/hands, gaze, toes
Feet are close together and arms on the side
Anatomical planes
sagittal, median, frontal, transverse
Sagittal: parallel to median and separates left and right
Median: the midline
Frontal: separates front and back
Transverse: upper and lower division
Anterior
Posterior
Ventral and dorsal
Superior
Inferior
Upper body towards cranium
Lower body to feet/ground
Lateral
Medial
Away from the midline
Towards the midline
Proximal
Distal
Near the origin of the structure
Away from the origin
Deep
Superficial
Internal and is far from the surface
Position towards the surface
Valgus
A condition where the body segment is curved outwards from the proximal to distal end
((distal is lateral))
Varum
A condition where the body segment is curved inwards from the proximal to distal end
((distal is medial))
Lordosis
An exaggerated curvature of the lumbar region
Kyphosis
An exaggerated dorsal curvature of the thoracic
Origin
Insertion
An attachment point of a muscle that remains fixed during a action of the main muscle
An attachment point of the muscle to bone/other structures that moves during action of main muscle
Tendon
A band of white tissue connecting muscle to bone
(Able to withstand stress, not shearing and is elastic)
Enthesis
A junction between bone and tendon
Ligament
A tough fibrous tissue joining two bones together
(Not so elastic)
Articular cartilage
Fibrocartilage
A protective layer of firm flexible cartilage over articulating end of bones
A tough cartilage with a matrix consisting of dense fibre bundles
Sprain
Ligament injury
Strain
Muscle injury
Rupture
Tendon, internal organ, muscle, all soft tissues injury
(partial or complete)
Fracture
Bone injury
Dislocation
Subluxation
Complete separation of articulating bones
Partial dislocation of articulating bones
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Bending of joint causing them to be brought closer together
Joint straightening, returns body back into anatomical position
Movement of body segment away from midline
Movement of body segment towards midline
Rotation
Circumduction
Longitudinal angular movement
Circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, adduction = CONE SHAPE MOVEMENT
Supination
Pronation
Upward or outward movement
Downward or inward movement
