Wound Care Flashcards

1
Q

factors that affect wound healing

A
diabetes
infection 
drugs- steroids, asa, anticoagulants 
nutritional problems 
tissue necrosis 
hypoxia 
excessive tension on wound edges 
another wound 
low temperature
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2
Q

referrals

A
medical conditions that affect healing - diabetes immunocompromised
bleeding longer than 10min 
animal or human bite 
2nd or 3rd degree burn 
wound >2cm 
wound is deep 
unable to move injured part 
dirt and debris cant be removed without scrubbing 
infected
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3
Q

what are the 3 basic wound care processes

A

cleanse the wound
stop the bleeding
protect the wound

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4
Q

what should you use to clean the wound

A

drinkable luke warm water or normal saline others may impair healing

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5
Q

signs of skin infection

A
redness
pain 
warm to touch 
swelling
drainage/pus 
fever
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6
Q

when should you use topical antibiotics

A

superficial mildly infected wound

wounds at high risk for infection

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7
Q

how often should the topical antibiotics be applied and side effects

A

1-3 times daily

sensitivity, itching, burning

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8
Q

which topical antibiotic damages sensory epithelium of nose

A

gramicidin

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9
Q

what otc topical antibiotics are there

A

bacitracin
gramicidin
polymyxin B

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10
Q

what prescription topical antibiotics are there

A

neomycin
fusidic acid
mupirocin

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11
Q

what products are available with anesthetics and when should they be used

A

polysporin has lidocaine (irritant)

has some products that can cross react so only use if in pain

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12
Q

how should wounds be monitored

A

bleeding should stop in 10 minutes (15 if on anticoagulants)
monitor for infection daily for 48 hours
monitor would healing for 2 weeks or more, if not closed within 2-4 weeks further assessment should be done

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13
Q

what is the purpose of dressings

A

protect wounds from further damage
helps stop bleeding
helps prevent infection

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14
Q

what are primary dressings

A

placed directly on wound, absorbs fluids, prevents infection and adhesion of the secondary dressing

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15
Q

what are secondary dressings

A

placed over primary for protection, absorption, compression, occlusion

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16
Q

what is the purpose of guaze dressings and how do you apply them

A

absorbent and protectant

place directly on wound, moisten with saline, wring out excess fluid, and apply secondary dressing

17
Q

when would you use a transparent film such as tegaderm

A

superficial clean wounds where it is required to frequently view the wound, not moist wounds!

18
Q

purpose and application of transparent films

A

provide moist environment, protective, water proof

gently lay over wound and overlap by 2.5cm and apply tape

19
Q

what can hydrogels be used for and what shouldnt they be used for

A

dry wounds, painful wounds, burns, pressure ulcers

not for gangrenous or weeping wounds

20
Q

purpose and application of hydrogels

A

high moisture content, some absorption

apply moderate amount to wound and cover with gauze

21
Q

when should you use and avoid use of hydrocolloid dressings

A

use for burns or small abrasions
avoid in dry infected wounds
weeping wounds

22
Q

purpose and application of hydrocolloid dressings

A

retains moisture

apply adherent side to skin and hold in place

23
Q

when would you use or not use alginates

A

used for packing cavities and wounds, wound drainagem pressure ulcers
do not use in dry wounds

24
Q

purpose and application of alginates

A

create moist environment
highly absorbent- dries
can reduce pain
apply dressing to area, cover with secondary dressing and tape in place

25
what should and shouldnt foam dressings be used for
wounds with mild to moderate exudate, partial to full thickness wounds avoid in dry wounds or wounds that need to be frequently checked
26
purpose and application of foam dressings
retain moisutre, absorbent, protective | gnetly lay dressing over wound, cover with guaze and tape in place
27
what are uses of liquid adhesives
paper cuts skin cracks minor cuts
28
application of liquid adhesives
wash cut apply pressure to stop bleeding then apply lasts 5-10 days
29
describe the cloth tape
breathable not water resistant can adhere to dry or damp skin use if area is moist
30
what is silicone tape used for
used for sensitive or at risk skin | dressings are to be replaced often
31
paper tape used for the same things as silicone tape but whats different about it
does not adhere as well
32
what are adhesive skin closures
used to hold wounds closed after suture removal | steri strips and butterfly closures