Cutanrous Fungal Infections

Question 1

treatment goals

Answer 1

provide symptomatic relief
eradicate existing infection
prevent future recurrent infections

Question 2

how often should you apply imidazoles/azikes

Answer 2

apply thin layer in the morning and evening

Question 3

adverse effects of clotrimazole and miconazole

Answer 3

local skin irritation

burning redness - hypersensitivity

Question 4

when can nystatin be used

Answer 4

candidal infections

apply 2-3 times daily

Question 5

why are dermatophytes restricted to the scalp, nails, superficial skin

Answer 5

requires keratin for growth

Question 6

how are dermatophytes spread

Answer 6

person to person - daycare
soil
animals
fomites

Question 7

signs and symptoms of tinea corporis

Answer 7

oval ring like 
red
scaly patches
sharp margins 
inner clear

Question 8

areas affected by tinea cruris

Answer 8

bilateral thighs
inguinal folds
buttocks
not scrotum or penis

Question 9

risk factors for tinea cruris

Answer 9

warm humid condition 
increased sweating 
wet clothing 
obesity 
immunocompromised

Question 10

signs and symptoms of tinea cruris

Answer 10

well marginated red half moon plaque
itchy
bright red

Question 11

risk factors for tinea pedis

Answer 11

heat and dampness
occlusive footwear
public bathing facilities
high impact sports
sharing footwear with infected people 
prolonged topical steroid application 
excessive sweating

Question 12

commonly affected areas in tinea pedis

Answer 12

toe webs between 4th and 5th toe

may spread to soles or toenails

Question 13

symptoms of tinea pedis

Answer 13

interdigital maceration at web space
fissuring and scaling
itchy or stinging
malodour

Question 14

referral for tinea pedis

Answer 14

delayed wound healign - diabetes, immunocompromised, cancer, elderly
under 12bc uncommon
toenail infected require prescription 
lesion is oozing, inflammed
subtypes where on the soles of feet

Question 15

tinea pedis non pharms

Answer 15

avoid occlusive footwear
change to dry socks 2-3 times daily
change or alternat shoes
dry between toes bid and after showering

Question 16

treatment of the tineas

Answer 16

imidazole twice daily for 4 weeks apply 2 cm past affected area
continue 1-2 weeks after symptoms resolution to ensure full eradication and prevent relapse

Question 17

risk factor for pityriasis versicolor

Answer 17

tropical environments

adlescents and young adults

Question 18

signs and symptoms of pityriasis versicolor

Answer 18

hypo/hyperpigmentation
fine scale
cosmetic not itching

Question 19

where does pityriasis versicolor

Answer 19

back
chest
upper arms

Question 20

pityriasis versicolor treatment

Answer 20

selenium sulfide 2.5% shampoo

apply for 10 min then wash off daily 7-14 weeks then once a month prevention

Question 21

risk factors for candida intertrigo

Answer 21

diabetes 
immunocompromised
tropical 
poor hygiene
contact dermatitis
obesity 
overuse of cornstarch 
hands in water excessively

Question 22

when should you refer candida candiddiasis

Answer 22

cause unknown 
unsuccessful initial treatment 
systemic or recurrent 
secondary bacterial infection 
under 2

Question 23

treatment of cutaneous candidiasis

Answer 23

keep area dry with non medicated powder
imidazoles or nystatin twice daily for 2-3 weeks
severe use topical corticosteroid as well

Question 24

monitoring for cutaneous candidiasis

Answer 24

relief of itching within 1-2 weeks
monitor daily for infection
lesions should clear within treatment timeframe
condition worsens or no improvement within 1-2 weeks refer

Question 25

non pharms for cutaneous fungal infections

Answer 25

use separate towel for infected area
do not share towels
hair dryer on low heat to dry intertriginous spaces
launder contaminated towels and clothing separatly in hot water
cleanse skin daily with soap and water
avoid clothing that allow the skin to stay wet