World War One- Topic Test Info Flashcards
List the causes of WWI
Alliances
Nationalism
Imperialism
Militarism
Describe the alliance system
The alliance system is a security deal designed to avoid war.
The idea was that no one would dare attack another country as it would also involve their alliance partners.
The two alliances were the triple entente and the triple alliance.
Who were the three original countries in the triple entente?
France
Britain
Russia
Who were the initial countries in the triple alliance?
Austria-Hungary
Germany
Italy
Who were the allied countries?
= 12 countries
The allied countries were:
France Russia Britain (UK) Australia New Zealand India Japan Serbia USA Portugal Belgium Bosnia-Herzegovina
Who were the central powers/axis countries?
Central powers/ axis countries:
Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Ottoman Empire (Turkey) Bulgaria
Define Nationalism
Nationalism is:
pride in ones nation and there was an understanding of common goals/ beliefs like their shared language, culture and history.
Define Imperialism
Imperialism is:
taking control over territories to gain power for financial or strategic reasons.
Define Militarism
Militarism is:
a belief that all nations should build/ maintain strong armed forces so they can defend national interests.
Describe the trigger event of WWI
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Jun 28th 1914) was the trigger event for WWI.
Gavrillo Princep, member of the Black Hand shot the Archduke after many failed attempts.
After Danilo Illich told information, Austria-Hungary gave Serbia 10 demands. When they refused 1 demand, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, triggering the alliances and WWI.
Encouragements for Australians to join the war include what?
- adventure and opportunity to escape
- good income
- respect and admiration from women
Describe the trench life for soldiers in WWI
In WWI there were lots of disease and the weather had a large impact on these as diseases such as trench-foot, frostbite, heat stroke, gangrene or amputation, which were extremely common and had a negative impact on their ability to fight well.
Soldiers often got bored of waiting for action, before getting mowed down, and this is a main reason why the trench system was a failed system.
Name the four trenches
- Front line trench where most of the fighting took place
- Support trench which gave front soldiers back up and ammunition/food etc.
- Reserve trench gave access for a hiding spot if enemies invaded
- Communication trenches linked these together for easy access and kept them away from the enemy’s gunfire.
Describe the Gallipoli Campaign. What was its goal?
The goal for the Gallipoli Campaign was to move troops, equipment and weapons to allied troops in Russia.
To do this, by launching a naval attack from the Mediterranean Sea to the Black Sea through the Dardanelles.
This failed because the Dardanelles entrance was laid with underwater mines.
List technologies developed in WWI
- Machine guns
- Tanks
- Gas (chlorine, phosgene and mustard gas)
- Gas Masks (urine, bicarb soda in cotton pads to neutralise acids, then gas masks)
- Submarines
- Depth Charges
- Aircrafts
- Fighting Airplanes (zeppilins)
