World war one Flashcards
causes of world war one main
m= militarism. powers wanted huge armies and war was glamorized also britian had the largest navy and germany started to compete with them for an arms race. this lead france to feel threatened so militarism even more a= alliances- many countries were getting in alliances and it made them feel like they had more power. i= imperialism industrialization resulting in powers going to other countries for resources because land = money = power n= nationalism- countries proud and want to take over other countries and don't want to be taken over
two alliances
triple alliance- germany, austria hungary and italy
triple entente- britian russia and france
balkans
russia wanted them- good for seas warm water ports and they promoted panslavism which united the people but austria hungary feared this because they would lose control and the ottoman empire lost control of the balkans and they were crumbling.
black hand
wanted to free country from austria and have independence and they assassinated archduke ferdinand
last straw to cause war
archduke ferdinand was assassinated
austria blamed serbia
germany supported austria
serbia refused to submit ultimatum
austria declared war
russia mobilized troops to defend serbia
germany mobilized troops-so did france and britian
germany attacked france
britian declared war on germany and so did canada because we automatically went to war when britain did
pm
bordon
women
not aloud to fight but they were nurses and drove ambulances and eventually got the right to vote and got male dominated jobs because all of the men were gone.
sam hughes
minister of militia- asshole was accused of profiteering with his friends buy giving soldiers shitty equipment.
war measures act
1914 gave the government the power to do everything for the security, safety, order, etc for the country including suspending habeas corpus which was the right for a person to be brought before a judge when arrested. so the government could detain anyone and send them to internment camps if they though that the people were a threat to the country like german immigrants and stuff.
scheiffin plan
german planned to attack france and russia at the same time. wanted to go thru belgium to take france. relied on two assumptions 1. that britain wouldn’t help france and 2. it would take russia time to mobilize army. it almost worked but russia already had troops mobilized and it had to reinforce troops to the east.also britain did side with france
western front
western europe trench warfare
war attrition
exhausting enemy before you’re army is exhausted
ypres
germans used chlorine gas and to survive you had to urinate on a cloth or die and it was the first major battle for canada
battle of somme
july to nov and they attacked german trenches and commanders used stupid tactics that didn’t work with machine guns heavy losses soon many people died
vimmy ridge
germans had control and britain and france both tried a couple of times but it didn’t work but under the command of lieutenant byng canada won
passchendale
victory for 5 months. currie took orders from haig
what weapon changed trench warfare
machine guns
what happened to halifax
in 1917 a ship carrying explosives and not displaying red flag blew up in the harbour `
germany
had uboats which were submarines that could not be detected by other ships and they said any one travelling in war waters would get shot down and they sunk the lusitania ( a us ship) which made usa enter the war against germany
homefront
civilians of nation at war that support the war
victory bonds
bonds issued by canadian government to support the war they said they’d give them back after
taxes
income tax. people had to pay a certain amount of their income and it was supposed to be temporary. corporation taxes businesses had to pay taxes too.
conscription
forced enlistment in the military
military service act 1917
conscription compulsory for all men between the ages of 20-45
