World War II Flashcards
Major causes of World War II
Major causes of World War II
- Mistreatment of Germany under the Versailles treaty
- The Great Depression leads to the rise of dictators in Europe
What did dictators promise
Dictators promise to get countries out of the depression and bring prosperity.
What four extreme governments would rise and why?
Rise of four extreme forms of government: WHY? • people were desperate 1. Communism: Russia/Soviet Union - 1917 2. Fascism: Italy/Spain 3. Nazism: Germany 4. Militarism: Japan
What ideologies did these extreme form of governments share
They all shared the ideologies/beliefs:
- demanded fanatic loyalty to their leaders/country
- Totalitarian states where the police/gov. Control everything. People had no rights t
- Racism: superiority of their race
• Kartl Marx -
Founder of Marxism
Communism
- when did it begin
What was this called
- Kartl Marx - founder - “Marxism”:
* Communism - 1917 - Bolshevik Revolution
Who comes to power after the death of Vladimir Lenin
• Joseph Stalin comes to power after death of Vladimir Lenin (ruthless person)
Who was the leader of Italy?
What two things did he do?
Italy (Fascists)
• leader was Benito Mussolini - (IL Duce) came to power by force in 1922
• He abolished democracy and outlawed all political parties
• Puts all enemies in prison
Who was the leader of Spain
Spain (Fascists)
• Francisco Franco
Germany
- how did the Great Depression effect this country?
• Germany hit real hard by the Great Depression
What is the name of the German government and what happened to it?
Democratic government- Weimar Republic set up after WWII - collapses
In the early twenties who joins the nazi party (national socialist Germans workers party)
• In 1922 who tries to overthrow the government
In the early twenties hitler joins the nazi party (national socialist Germans workers party)
• In 1922 the Nazis try to overthrow the government
• Mein Kampf
“My Struggle” - Nazis “Bible”
Master race
= Aryan people/pure Germans
• The _________ is elected into power in the 1930’s
• The nazi party/hitler is elected into power in the 1930’s
How does Adolf Hitler come to power?
- He promises to get the German people out of the depression (prosperity)
- He promises revenge for German mistreatment in the Versailles Treaty.
Brown shirts =
- beginning of the _______. ______ Nazi Empire
- What do they abolish
- where do their enemies go?
Brown Shirts (stormtroopers) - help Hitler to get elected (militia)
• beginning of the “Third Reich” Nazi Empire
• Abolishes democracy and outlaws all political parties
• Puts all enemies in prison!
Set up a police state: name the two groups
Sets up a police state: 2 groups
• Gestapo: German secret police
• Black shirts (SS): becomes hitlers personal army - EVIL!!!
Swastika/“Blood Flag” -
symbol of the Nazis
Hitlers campaign to cleanse Germany!
3 points
Hitlers campaign to cleanse Germany!
• hitlers “Master race” - aryans (blond, blue eyed, white)
• Hitler wanted to cleanse the German people from the “undesirables” of the world. (Inferior people)
• Hitler called them “Untermensch” means sub human
Undesirable groups
Undesirable groups • polish/Russian - Slavs • Roma (gypsies) • Jehovah witness • Homosexuals • Handicapped • Blacks • Jews (anti-semitism - Jewish hatred) Hitler considered Americans to be “Mongrels” - impure mixed breed
What was the HJ? How old were boys and girls that entered the HJ Youth? How were girls trained How were boys trained Where they loyal to hitler? What were they brainwashed with? Who were Hitlers greatest supporters
Hitler youth - HJ - 13-18 yrs old
• boys/girls
• Girls were trained to be strong mothers - produce strong children
• Boys were trained to be good soldiers
• All were brain washes with Nazis propaganda in school
• They became fanatically loyal to hitler
• Hitler Youth and the SS were hitlers greatest supporters
Who were the main target of the Nazis? Define scapegoat? Define Nuremberg Laws How were these group do people segregated? Where could they not go? What were people forbidden to do? What jobs could they do? What was hitler hoping they would do?
Jews were the main target of the Nazis hatred
• scapegoat - blamed for all problems
• 1933 - Nuremberg Laws - anti Jeremiah laws in Germany
• Segregated and labeled with a “Star of David”
• Could not go to public places: schools, theater, hospitals etc
• Forbidden to marry a Jew
• Restricted to manual labor jobs
• It was an attempt by hitler to get them to leave!
Kristallnacht
“night of broken glass” - 1938
Pogrom
• a pogrom (organize massacre) against the German Jewish community in Germany
Many German Jews tried to immigrate to other countries but most were not let in!
WHY?
THE GREAT DEPRESSION - no jobs
Japan: rise of _________ (glorification of war) “militarists” ran government
• the military government is headed by a militarist named? He takes over
• The Japanese emperor - _________ - becomes a _________
Japan: rise of militarism (glorification of war) “militarists” ran government
• the military government is headed by a militarist names Hideki Tojo takes over
• The Japanese emperor - Hirohito - becomes a puppet
How do we get resources?
Conquest
What was Japan’s main goal
To create an Asian Empire
• Pan-Asianism -
• Pan-Asianism - unify all Asian countries as throw off chains of European imperialists
Japan Takes over ______ in 1910
• 1930s China is in the middle of a _______ war - who vs. who
- Takes over Korea in 1910
* 1930s China is in the middle of a civil war - nationalists vs. communists
Japan’s (first target in 1930’s) -
• 1931 Japan invades and conquers _______ - puppet state
• 1937 - goes to war with ______ - second Sino-Japanese War
Japan’s (first target in 1930’s) - Manchuria (China)
• 1931 Japan invades and conquers Manchuria - puppet state
• 1937 - goes to war with China - second Sino-Japanese War
Rape of Nanking
Rape of Nanking - the forgotten holocaust of WWII
When did war begin
War began September 3, 1939
Italy’s goal is to restore the _______ Empire and create an ________ empire
• 🇪🇹 ________ (first target) invades and conquers in 1933!
Italy’s goal is to restore the Roman Empire and create an African empire
• 🇪🇹 Ethiopia (first target) invades and conquers in 1933!
