Final Finally Part Three Flashcards
Civil rights movement:
Civil rights movement - a hundred year struggle for freedom for African Americans
The goals of the movement were:
1.
2.
3.
The goals of the movement were:
- Freedom from discrimination
- Equal opportunity in employment, education, and housing
- The right to vote
Early beginnings: • Dred Scott Supreme Court decision • 1857 - • Civil war ended in • 13th Amendment: • 14th Amendment: • 15th Amendment:
Earl beginnings:
• Dred Scott Supreme Court decision
• 1857 - “No rights which a white man was bound to respect”
• Civil war ended in 1865
• 13th Amendment: abolished slavery
• 14th Amendment: granted citizenship to blacks
• 15th Amendment: gave blacks the right to vote
Reconstruction period: 1865-1877
• whites took black control of the south -
• Blacks not really _____!
Reconstruction period: 1865-1877 • whites took black control of the south - blacks regelated to second class citizens • Blacks not really freed!
Discrimination/intimidation in the south
• kept blacks from
• Jim Crow Laws -
Discrimination/intimidation in the south
• kept blacks from voting through poll taxes, literacy tests, and intimidation by the Ku Klux Klan
• Jim Crow Laws - segregation laws
Plessey vs. Ferguson (Supreme Court ruling)
• established
• Made segregation
Plessey vs. Ferguson (Supreme Court ruling)
• established “separate but equal”
• Made segregation legal
Early black leaders:
- Booker T. Washington -
- W.E.B. Du Bois -
- Marcus Garvey -
Early black leaders:
- Booker T. Washington - believed in gradual equality for blacks through education (founded the Tuskegee institute) - education
- W.E.B. Du Bois - demanded immediate equality! Helped to est. the NAACP (national association for the advancement of colored people)
- Marcus Garvey - “back to Africa” movement - be proud of who you are
Harlem Renaissance
• new negro
• An African American cultural movement that stressed
• Started in
Harlem Renaissance
• new negro movement
• An African American cultural movement that stressed art, poetry, theater, and music - promoted black pride
• Started in Harlem, nyc
1940’s
• over a million blacks served in WWII in_________ units
• After the war they demanded
1940’s
• over a million blacks served in WWII in segregated units
• After the war they demanded more rights and better pay
Phillip Randolph -
• President Harry S. Truman -
Phillip Randolph - started the National Negro Congress - worked toward civil rights legislation
• President Harry S. Truman - integrated the military
1950’s -
1950’s - movement of young people
BROWN VS BOARD OF EDUCATION (Supreme Court ruling)
• thrugood marshall -
• Challenged “separate but equal” and ended
• Integration became the
BROWN VS BOARD OF EDUCATION (Supreme Court ruling)
• thrugood marshall - lawyer in the case **went on to become the first African American Supreme Court Justice
• Challenged “separate but equal” and ended segregation in schools
• Integration became the law
Montgomery Bus boycott - 1955
•
Montgomery Bus boycott - 1955
• Rosa Parks - refused to sit in the back of the bus! **first challenge to Jim Crow Laws
Little Rock nine (Little Rock, Arkansas)
•
Little Rock nine (Little Rock, Arkansas)
• first nine black students to integrate into high school
• Protected by the
Ruby Bridges (new Orleans) 1960 -
Ruby Bridges (new Orleans) 1960 - first black student to be integrated into elementary school
Martin Luther King Jr. the
• nonviolent movement who’s goal was to get civil rights for blacks -
Martin Luther King Jr. the main leader of the Civil rights movement
• nonviolent movement who’s goal was to get civil rights for blacks - based on Mohandas Gandhi’s movement in India
SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)
•
•
SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)
• students who staged protests in the form of sit ins, freedom rides, and marches
• Many were jailed, beaten, killed
1960’s
“Freedom riders” -
1960’s
“Freedom riders” - fought segregation on public transportation
March in Washington DC 1963
March in Washington DC 1963
• Martin Luther kings “I have a dream” speech
Watershed event of the movement) turning point -
• President John F. Kennedy -
• President Lyndon Johnson -
• Outlawed discrimination and segregation based on race
• Freedom summer - 1964 -
Watershed event of the movement) turning point - things would never be the same
• President John F. Kennedy - endorses new civil rights legislation - but is assassinated before it can pass
• President Lyndon Johnson - gets the civil rights act of 1964 passed
• Outlawed discrimination and segregation based on race
• Freedom summer - 1964 - attempt to get African American to registrar to vote!
Bloody Sunday - 1965 -
• seen on television! Result of Bloody Sunday is:
•
•
Bloody Sunday - 1965 - peaceful march is attacked by police in Selma, Alabama
• seen on television! Result of Bloody Sunday is:
• voting rights act of 1965 - passed
• It outlawed poll taxes and literacy tests
Malcolm X (Malcolm Little) • leader of the • Critic of the\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ movement • Preached that bloodshed and revolution was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to gain black equality • Later assassinated by the
Malcolm X (Malcolm Little)
• leader of the Nation of Islam
• Critic of the nonviolent movement
• Preached that bloodshed and revolution was necessary to gain black equality
• Later assassinated by the Nation of Islam
Black panthers
•
•
Black panthers
• black power/Black panther movement Shockley Carmichael - leader
• Promoted violence too!
Martin Luther king assassinated in 1968 in __________ by:
Martin Luther king assassinated in 1968 in Memphis Tennessee by James Earl Jones
As a result of Martin Luther king jr’s death, and Malcolm X and Stockley Carmichael’s philosophies the USA was:
As a result of Martin Luther king jr’s death, and Malcolm X and Stockley Carmichael’s philosophies the USA was rocked by some of the worst race riots in American history
• between 1965 and 1970 - many us cities - get the rest from Brielle
2008 - Barack Obama -
2008 - Barack Obama - first African American elected as president of USA
Why is the civil rights movement important?
1.
2.
Why is the civil rights movement important?
- It established the idea that discrimination was unjust and would no longer be tolerated
- Finally brought us closer to the principles that our nation was founded in that all men are created equal
WHEN DID IT END?
WHEN DID IT END?
It is still going on today
