Final Finally Part Three Flashcards
Civil rights movement:
Civil rights movement - a hundred year struggle for freedom for African Americans
The goals of the movement were:
1.
2.
3.
The goals of the movement were:
- Freedom from discrimination
- Equal opportunity in employment, education, and housing
- The right to vote
Early beginnings: • Dred Scott Supreme Court decision • 1857 - • Civil war ended in • 13th Amendment: • 14th Amendment: • 15th Amendment:
Earl beginnings:
• Dred Scott Supreme Court decision
• 1857 - “No rights which a white man was bound to respect”
• Civil war ended in 1865
• 13th Amendment: abolished slavery
• 14th Amendment: granted citizenship to blacks
• 15th Amendment: gave blacks the right to vote
Reconstruction period: 1865-1877
• whites took black control of the south -
• Blacks not really _____!
Reconstruction period: 1865-1877 • whites took black control of the south - blacks regelated to second class citizens • Blacks not really freed!
Discrimination/intimidation in the south
• kept blacks from
• Jim Crow Laws -
Discrimination/intimidation in the south
• kept blacks from voting through poll taxes, literacy tests, and intimidation by the Ku Klux Klan
• Jim Crow Laws - segregation laws
Plessey vs. Ferguson (Supreme Court ruling)
• established
• Made segregation
Plessey vs. Ferguson (Supreme Court ruling)
• established “separate but equal”
• Made segregation legal
Early black leaders:
- Booker T. Washington -
- W.E.B. Du Bois -
- Marcus Garvey -
Early black leaders:
- Booker T. Washington - believed in gradual equality for blacks through education (founded the Tuskegee institute) - education
- W.E.B. Du Bois - demanded immediate equality! Helped to est. the NAACP (national association for the advancement of colored people)
- Marcus Garvey - “back to Africa” movement - be proud of who you are
Harlem Renaissance
• new negro
• An African American cultural movement that stressed
• Started in
Harlem Renaissance
• new negro movement
• An African American cultural movement that stressed art, poetry, theater, and music - promoted black pride
• Started in Harlem, nyc
1940’s
• over a million blacks served in WWII in_________ units
• After the war they demanded
1940’s
• over a million blacks served in WWII in segregated units
• After the war they demanded more rights and better pay
Phillip Randolph -
• President Harry S. Truman -
Phillip Randolph - started the National Negro Congress - worked toward civil rights legislation
• President Harry S. Truman - integrated the military
1950’s -
1950’s - movement of young people
BROWN VS BOARD OF EDUCATION (Supreme Court ruling)
• thrugood marshall -
• Challenged “separate but equal” and ended
• Integration became the
BROWN VS BOARD OF EDUCATION (Supreme Court ruling)
• thrugood marshall - lawyer in the case **went on to become the first African American Supreme Court Justice
• Challenged “separate but equal” and ended segregation in schools
• Integration became the law
Montgomery Bus boycott - 1955
•
Montgomery Bus boycott - 1955
• Rosa Parks - refused to sit in the back of the bus! **first challenge to Jim Crow Laws
Little Rock nine (Little Rock, Arkansas)
•
Little Rock nine (Little Rock, Arkansas)
• first nine black students to integrate into high school
• Protected by the
Ruby Bridges (new Orleans) 1960 -
Ruby Bridges (new Orleans) 1960 - first black student to be integrated into elementary school
Martin Luther King Jr. the
• nonviolent movement who’s goal was to get civil rights for blacks -
Martin Luther King Jr. the main leader of the Civil rights movement
• nonviolent movement who’s goal was to get civil rights for blacks - based on Mohandas Gandhi’s movement in India
SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)
•
•
SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)
• students who staged protests in the form of sit ins, freedom rides, and marches
• Many were jailed, beaten, killed
1960’s
“Freedom riders” -
1960’s
“Freedom riders” - fought segregation on public transportation
March in Washington DC 1963
March in Washington DC 1963
• Martin Luther kings “I have a dream” speech
Watershed event of the movement) turning point -
• President John F. Kennedy -
• President Lyndon Johnson -
• Outlawed discrimination and segregation based on race
• Freedom summer - 1964 -
Watershed event of the movement) turning point - things would never be the same
• President John F. Kennedy - endorses new civil rights legislation - but is assassinated before it can pass
• President Lyndon Johnson - gets the civil rights act of 1964 passed
• Outlawed discrimination and segregation based on race
• Freedom summer - 1964 - attempt to get African American to registrar to vote!
Bloody Sunday - 1965 -
• seen on television! Result of Bloody Sunday is:
•
•
Bloody Sunday - 1965 - peaceful march is attacked by police in Selma, Alabama
• seen on television! Result of Bloody Sunday is:
• voting rights act of 1965 - passed
• It outlawed poll taxes and literacy tests
Malcolm X (Malcolm Little) • leader of the • Critic of the\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ movement • Preached that bloodshed and revolution was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to gain black equality • Later assassinated by the
Malcolm X (Malcolm Little)
• leader of the Nation of Islam
• Critic of the nonviolent movement
• Preached that bloodshed and revolution was necessary to gain black equality
• Later assassinated by the Nation of Islam
Black panthers
•
•
Black panthers
• black power/Black panther movement Shockley Carmichael - leader
• Promoted violence too!
Martin Luther king assassinated in 1968 in __________ by:
Martin Luther king assassinated in 1968 in Memphis Tennessee by James Earl Jones
