World War I

Question 1

Was was World War I known as? How many nations were involved?

Answer 1

The war to end all wars” 32 Nations

Question 2

When did World War I take place?

Answer 2

1914-1918

Question 3

Causes of the war

Answer 3

Causes of the war:

1. Rise of Nationalism
2. Imperialism
3. Militarism
4. The Alliance System

Question 4

Describe rise of nationalism

Answer 4

Rise of Nationalism: (deep devotion to ones country) - created a desire for self rule.

Question 5

Describe imperialism

Answer 5

Imperialism: (colonial conquest) created rivalries between nations for power.

Question 6

Describe militarism

Answer 6

Militarism: (glorification of war) created an “arms race” or a military build-up of forces and weapons.

Question 7

Describe the alliance system

Answer 7

Alliance System: (military allies) - created a world conflict out of a minor incident.

Question 8

What was the purpose of the alliance system?

Did it succeed?

Answer 8

The purpose of the alliance system has been to create a “balance of power” throughout Europe - they believed this would help prevent war! - FAILED!

Question 9

Who created the alliance system?

Answer 9

1. Otto Von Bismarck (Germany) had created the Alliance System

Question 10

What were the major alliances?

Answer 10

• Triple Alliance

* Triple Entente

Question 11

Who was in the triple alliance

Answer 11

• Triple Alliance- made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

Question 12

Who was in the triple entente?

Answer 12

• Triple Entente - made up of Great Britain, France, and Russia.

Question 13

Most countries were ruled by kings who were ________ causing this to essentially be a _________ _______

Answer 13

Most of these countries were ruled by kings who were related! *WWI was a family feud

Question 14

What was the powder keg of Europe

Answer 14

Powder Keg of Europe - ready to explode was the Balkan Peninsula

Question 15

The balkans were mostly made up of ______ people who wanted what?
Who had they been controlled by for centuries?
Eventually who were the Turks driven out by? What did this new group promise the balkans? Did they deliver it?

Answer 15

• The Balkans were made up mostly of Slavic people who wanted their independence! They had been controlled for centuries by the Ottoman Turks
• Eventually the Turks were driven out by the Austria-Hungarian Empire -(1900) promised freedom, but they did not deliver it

Question 16

Define pan slavism

Answer 16

A nationalist movement was created to bring independence to the region - called Pan-Slavism - goal was to create a Slavic state (country) called Yugoslavia

Question 17

What country led out in this movement?

Answer 17

The tiny independent country of Serbia led out in this movement!

Question 18

What incident caused the war?

What year did this take place?

Answer 18

Incident that caused the War:
1914 - The Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie visit Sarajevo for a “goodwill tour” to open a new hospital.
1. Sent by his uncle - Franz Joseph (King of Austria-Hungary)
Both the Archduke and his wife are assassinated by a Serbian terrorist group known as the Black Hand
• the assassin who killed them was Gavrilo Princep
• Austria-Hungary - gives Serbia an ultimatum! Do this or else war!
• Serbia has a powerful ally - Russia
• They refuse the ultimatum
• The Alliance System kicks in and a minor incident becomes the Great War

Question 19

Define mobilization

Answer 19

Mobilization: countries begin preparing for war

Question 20

Define propaganda and explain how it was used

Answer 20

Propaganda: Information used to influence public opinion: How used?

1. Recruitment of men
2. Promote patriotism at home
3. Make enemy look evil

Question 21

Who were the Belligerents

Answer 21

The Belligerents (warring sides)

Question 22

Who were the central powers

Answer 22

1. Central powers - (center of Europe) - Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Turks - major players

Question 23

Who were the allied powers

Answer 23

2. Allied powers - Russia, France, and Great Britain, and later the USA

Question 24

What was the Schlieffen Plan

Answer 24

Schlieffen Plan - (Alfred Von Schlieffen) German plan to attack France through neutral Belgium

Question 25

What was the first battle of the war? Did it succeed

Answer 25

First Battle of the war was the Battle of the Marne - German attempt to capture Paris - Failed!

Question 26

What two major fronts was the war fought on?

Answer 26

Eastern and western front

Question 27

1. Western Front -

Answer 27

1. Western Front - extended from the North Sea to Switzerland (500 miles) - between the borders of France and Germany

Question 28

2. Eastern Front -

Answer 28

2. Eastern Front - extended from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea (1,000 miles) - between the borders of Russia and Germany/Austria-Hungary.

Question 29

Define trench warfare

Answer 29

Trench Warfare - hundred of miles of parallel trenches

Question 30

Define no mans land

Answer 30

• No Mans Land - area between the trenches “terrain of death”