Conscription
- military draft
- regular practice before 1914
- adopted by most Western countries
- armies doubled in size between 18-1914
Mobilization
- process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war
Triple Alliance
- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
Triple Entente
- France, Great Britain, and Russia
Black Hand
- Serbian terrorist group
- wanted Bosnia to be part of a Serbian Kingdom instead of Austria-Hungary
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- heir to the Hapsburg throne of Austria-Hungary
- assassinated by the Black Hand conspirators
- his assassination had the Austria-Hungary see it as an opportunity to take down Serbia, and they got Germany to back them in fear of Russia backing with Serbia
- assassination sparked WWI
Gavrilo Princep
- 19 year old Bosnian Serb
- part of the Black Hand
- assassinated the archduke
Czar Nicholas II
- Czar of Russia
What factors contributed to the start of World War I (Use the acronym MAIN to identify 4 factors)?
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand was a factor of imperialism because Bosnia did not want to be apart of the Austro-Hungary empire that imperialized their country. This was also an act of nationalism to take control of their own nation. The alliances formed with other nations cause Austria-Hungary to be fearful of an alliance between the Serbs and Russia, because Russia had the largest military, promoting conscription and militarism. This caused Austro-Hungary to form an alliance with Germany. By August 4, 1914, all of the Great powers had gone to war with each other, including Britain who feared for their dominance and power in the world.
How did the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand spark the outbreak of the war?
When Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated, it sparked anger in Austria-Hungary, who wanted to take down Serbia once and for all. However, Austria-Hungary needed an alliance of Germany to defeat Serbia, who had the alliance of Russia. This then sparked more conflict, calling in allies France and Great Britain, causing the Great powers to go to war with each other.
How is mobilization related to militarism?
Mobilization is related to militarism because they both represent supporting and backing a strong military. Mobilization is the act of preparing troops for a war, creating a strong military.
How did the implementation of the Schlieffen Plan broaden the conflict in Europe?
The Schlieffen Plan broadened the conflict by involving allies and other nations, that were otherwise uninvolved in the conflict. The plan declared war on the allies as a way to weaken them by catching them off-guard, disadvantaging them from helping their alliances.
Propaganda
- ideas that are spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause
Trench warfare
- fighting from ditches protected by barbed wire
War of attrition
- war based on wearing down the other side with constant attacks and heavy losses
Total war
- a war that involved the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries, even those remote from the battlefield
Planned economies
- a economic system directed by government agencies
Allied Powers
- Russia, Great Britain, and France
Central Powers
How did the war on the Eastern Front differ from the war on the Western Front?
Describe the steps that resulted in the development of trench warfare.
What made WWI more devastating than any previous wars?
Why do you think World War I was the last large-scale conflict in which trench warfare was used?
Why did technology make it difficult for armies on the Western Front to mount a successful offensive attack?
