World War I

Question 1

World War 1

Answer 1

The Great War; “the war to end war”
from 1914-1918
32 nations involved

Question 2

Causes of the war

Answer 2

1. Militarism
2. Alliance system
3. Imperialism
4. Nationalism

Question 3

Militarism

Answer 3

(glorification of war) created an “arms race” or a military build-up of forces & weapons

Question 4

Alliance System

Answer 4

(military allies) created a world conflict out of a minor incident

Question 5

Purpose of Alliance System

Answer 5

to create a “balance of power” throughout Europe
they believed this would help prevent the war, but FAILED

Question 6

Imperialism

Answer 6

(colonial conquest) created rivalries between empires for power

Question 7

Nationalism

Answer 7

(deep devotion to one’s country) created a desire for self-rule

Question 8

Otto Von Bismark

Answer 8

(germany) had created alliance system

Question 9

Major Alliances:

Answer 9

1. Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy)
2. Triple Entente (Great Britain, France, & Russia)

Question 10

Pre-WWI, Europe was made up of 6 major empires:
Most of these empires were what?

Answer 10

British, German, French, Austria-Hungary, Russian & Ottoman
Most of these empires were ruled by kings who were relatives (WWI = BIG FAMILY FEUD)

Question 11

“Powder Keg”

Answer 11

• of Europe was ready to explode (the Balkan peninsula)

Question 12

Balkans:

Answer 12

made up of mostly Slavic peoples who wanted their independence. (They’d been controlled by Ottomans for centuries)

Question 13

Pan-Slavism:
Goal:

Answer 13

A nationalist movement to bring independence to Austria-Hungary Empire

to create a Slavic states (country) called Yugoslavia

(Tiny Serbia led out in this movement)

Question 14

Balkan Wars:

Answer 14

Led up to the incident that caused WWI

Question 15

In 1914:

Answer 15

The archduke of Austria-Hungary (Franz Ferdinand) and his wife (Sophie) visit Sarajevo for a “good will tour” to open new hospital. They’re killed by a Serbian Terrorist group known as the Black Hand.

Then Austria-Hungary gives Serbia an ultimation (do this or else war)

They REFUSED & they had Russia as an ally
alliance system kicks in and the little war turned into WWI

Question 16

Assassin who killed Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie

Answer 16

Gavcilo Princep

Question 17

Mobilization

Answer 17

countries begin preparing for war

Question 18

Propaganda

Answer 18

info used to influence public opinion

Question 19

How was propaganda used

Answer 19

1. Recruitment of men
2. Promote Patriotism @ home or support
3. Make enemy look evil

Question 20

The Belligenents

Answer 20

(Warring sides)
1. Central Powers (center of europe) - maj players: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Turks
2. Allied Powers - Russia, France, Great Britain & later USA

Question 21

Schlieffen Plan

Answer 21

(by Alfred Von Schlieffen) German plan to attack France through neutral Belgium

Question 22

1st Battle of war:

Answer 22

Battle of Marne - German attempt to capture Paris -

Question 23

Western Front

Answer 23

extended from North Sea to Switzerland (500 mi) between borders of France & Germany

Question 24

Eastern front

Answer 24

extended from Baltic Sea to Black Sea (1000 mi) Between borders of Russia & Germany/Austria-Hungary

Question 25

Trench Warfare

Answer 25

100s of mi of parallel trenches between the armies

Question 26

“No Man’s Land”

Answer 26

area between the trenches “Terrain of death”

Question 27

By 1915:

Answer 27

War turned intoa BLOODY STALEMATE - neither side could win

Question 28

Battles that r examples that symbolized horros of trench warfare:

Answer 28

Battle of Somme (1.2 mil casualties), Battle of Verdum (1.25 mil casualties)

Question 29

WWI became:

Answer 29

War of Attrition (goal to wear the other side out)

Question 30

Why so many casualties?

Answer 30

The Industrial Revolution had created many new modern deadly weapons

Question 31

Modern deadly weapons created in WWI:

Answer 31

1. Machine gun - most deadly
2. Artillery - launch exploding shells
3. Poison Gas
4. Tanks
5. Flame Throwers
6. Zeppelins - “blimps” used for reconnaissance
7. Airplanes
8. Submarines- mainly used by Germans

Question 32

Flying aces:

Answer 32

pilot that got 5 or more kills

Question 33

Greatest of the aces:

Answer 33

Manfred Von Richthofen “Red Baron”

Question 34

Top American Ace from Columbus, Ohio:

Answer 34

Eddie Rickenhacker

Question 35

“Suicide Club”

Answer 35

life expectancy @ the front was 14 days

Question 36

Poster boys:

Answer 36

heroes of the war

Question 37

Fraction of aces that died in combat:

Answer 37

15 out of top 20 aces of the war died in combat

Question 38

Soldiers: nicknames

Answer 38

Germans: Huns
British: Tommies
French: frogs
American: Doughboys

Question 39

by 1916:

Answer 39

Russian army on verge of collapse along Eastern front (maj problem: lack of supplies & equipment)

Question 40

The Gallipoli Campaign:

Answer 40

British Attempt to rescue Russia

Question 41

Why did British decide to help Russia?

Answer 41

a two front war kept the German army split over 2 areas - failed

Question 42

1917:

Answer 42

Russian Revolution

Question 43

Causes of Russian Revolution:

Answer 43

1. Corrupt/Inefficient Gov.
2. Poor living conditions - peasants
3. War had destroyed the economy
4. Slaughter of the army

Question 44

Led Russian Revolution & his 2 promises to peasants if they support him:

Answer 44

Vladimir Lenin
1. Taken Russia out of WWI
2. Land