World War 1 Flashcards
What did the German U-boats torpedo?
British passenger ship Lusitania
Sussex Pledge
Before attacking any ship the U-boats would surface and give warning.
What did U-boats attack?
Merchant ships
U-boat
German submarine
Propaganda
Spreading of ideas that help a cause or hurt an opposing cause
What right did the U.S. claim as a neutral nation in the war?
To trade with either side in the war
Who profited from trading during the war?
American farmers and manufactures
Who did Jews favor over Russia?
Germany
What did the U.S. Government want to be during the war?
A neutral nation
New weapon
Chlorine and mustard gas
Trench warfare
Soldiers spent day after day shelling the enemy trenches. An attack would begin with hours of heavy artillery fire, then would charge over the trenches.
Stalemate
A deadlock in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the other.
Allied Powers (FIRB)
France Italy Russia Britain and 21 other nations
Central powers (GBAT)
Germany Bulgaria Austria-Hungary Turkish empire (ottoman)
Who did Britain declare war on?
Germany
Who did Germany declare war on?
Russia and France
Who did Austria-Hungary declare war on?
Serbia
(MANIA) Militarism
Policy of building up strong armed forces to prepare for war.
(MANIA)Alliances
Agreement between nations to aid and protect one another.
(MANIA)Nationalism
Pride in ones nation
(MANIA) Imperialism
policy of powerful country’s seeking to control the economic and political affairs of weaker countries
(MANIA)Assassination
Archduke Feedinand is assassinated by Gavrilo Princip a member of a terrorist group called the Black Hand
Zimmerman telegram
Instructed the minister to urge Mexico to attack the U.S. if the U.S. declared war on Germany. In return, Germany would help Mexico win back land it lost in the Southwest.
Why did Wilson want to declare war?
American trade with Allies was growing, Zimmerman telegram angered many Americans, Many Americans favored Britain and France, Unrestricted Submarine warfare by Germany.
How did the U.S. raise money for the war?
Liberty Bonds. Also, 4 minute men helped encourage the people.
4 minute speakers
Celebrities who gave speeches about making sacrifices for the war.
Was the U.S. Prepared for war when they entered the war?
No
Draft
Law requiring people of a certain age to service in the military.
What were marines called by the Germans?
Devil Dogs
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty between Germany and Russia ending Russia’s participation in the war. Russia gave up a lot of land, coal mines, and other valuable resources to Germany.
Armistice
An agreement to stop fighting
What were Wilson’s conditions?
Germany must accept his plan for peace and the German emperor must give up his power.
Fourteen Points
President Wilson's goals for peace after WW1: End to secret agreements Freedom of the seas Self determination League of Nations
Self determination
The right of national groups to have their own territory and forms of government.
League of Nations
General association of nations, it would protect the independence of all countries.
Reparations
Cash payments for losses that had been suffered
What did Germany have to do for being blamed for the war?
Pay the allies reparations
Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France
Lost overseas colonies which Britain and France took control of
Not allowed to build up its military
Who opposed the League of Nations?
Isolationists
What changes did Henry Cabot Lodge want in the treaty of Versailles?
A change that would ensure the U.S. remained independent in the league and wanted congress to have the power to decide whether the U.S. would follow the league policy.
What did Lodge and Isolationists think the League would bring?
The U.S. into another war
What did Wilson think of Lodge’s changes?
He thought they would weaken the League.
Who did not join the League?
Other nations did but U.S. did not.
