World War 1 Flashcards
What was the 1914 Battle of Marne?
Battle that foiled Germany’s invasion of France and saved the Allied cause
What empire gradually declined and it created tension in what two countries?
Ottoman Empire; tension between Austria and Russia
What German territory was returned to France as part of the Treaty of Versailles? What was it also a part of?
Alsace Lorraine was the territory. This was also a part of Wilson’s 14 points.
After the czar was overthrown in February 1917, what body served as a part of the dual government and it consisted of _____ and _____.
Petrograd Soviet; consisted of workers and soldiers.
This slogan was used by Lenin to gain support during the elections following the October Revolution
“Peace, Land, Bread” (I believe they go in any order!)
What did the Zimmerman telegram reveal?
German proposal for a military alliance with Mexico against the US.
What country’s ship was sunk in 1915 by German U-boats? (country and name of ship)
British ship; Lusitania
Who entered the work force and why?
Women; because of the labor shortage
Treaty of Berlin in 1878 created an agreement among major European powers on the boundaries of what region?
The Balkans
According to the Treaty of Versailles, what did Germany have to do?
Lose territory, become demilitarized, and forced to pay reperations
What were the Cheka?
Secret police that destroyed thousands of Lenin’s political opponents
Who was the leader of the failed provisional government who continued to pursue the war?
Alexander Kerensky
1916 battle that was the bloodies of the war: Over 1 million casualties
Battle of Somme (cute hint: pronounce “Somme” as “So many people died”)
What did Wilson’s 15 points propose include?
Freedom of the seas, arms reductions, and independent nations
What leader of the Red Army overthrew the new Russian government in 1917?
Leon Trotsky
What did Bismarck fail to do?
Isolate France through multiple alliances
What happened on Bloody Sunday?
people peacefully came to St. Petersburg asking the tsar for help. It then became a bloody event
What German naval policy eventually brought the US into the war?
unrestricted submarine warfare
What provision of the Versailles Treaty placed the sole blame for WWI on Germany?
Article 231 (AKA the War Guilt Clause)
What German ruler was unstable and reactive and was largely blamed for starting the war?
Wilhelm II
What was “blank check”?
Germany’s unconditional support for Austria-Hungary against Serbia
What war was THE major cause of the Russian revolution?
World War One
What was the “Dictatorship of the proletariat”? and who believed in it?
Rule by a small revolutionary elite; Lenin
Who wrote a 1929 novel detailing the horrors of trench warfare and what was the novel titled?
Erich Remarque; All Quiet on the Western Front
What was the League of Nations?
International collective security organization created by Versailles Treaty (but US never joined)
What did Alexander II do that was so amazing?
Ended serfdom (emancipation edict)
Lenin led what faction of communists?
Bolsheviks
An immediate cause of the Russian revolution in 1905?
Failure in the Russo-Japanese war
What were the “teams” that fought during WWI? And what countries made that team up?
Triple Alliance (Austria, Germany, Italy) vs Triple Entente (Britain, France, and Russia) [Italy switched sides later on though!]
What was the “spark” that caused WWI?
Serbia’s assassination of France Ferdinand of Austria Hungary
What is “war communism”?
reforms put forth by Lenin and the Bolsheviks
What was the Schlieffan plan?
Proposed by Germany to go through Belgium then attack France. It FAILED
Who won the Russian civil war?
Bolsheviks!
What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Treaty between the Russia and the Central Powers, marking Russia’s exit from World War I.
Who was the important British economist?
John Maynard Keynes
Who was the last czar of Russia during WWI?
Nicholas II
What was the Duma?
Russian legislative assembly created by Nicholas II
What were the zemstvos?
A new local government in reformed Russia, whose members were elected by a three-class system of towns, peasant villages, and noble landowners.
