World War 1

Question 1

Causes/events leading to war? M

Answer 1

Militarism- the build up of men and arms of a country’s army.

Question 2

Causes/events leading to war? A

Answer 2

Alliances- countries have alliances with one another and are dragged into war to obtain loyalty.

Question 3

Causes/events leading to war? N

Answer 3

Nationalism- love of your country, need support of citizens so they support war.

Question 4

Causes/events leading to war? I

Answer 4

Imperialism- resources one country has that another one wants, so they invade.

Question 5

Causes/events leading to war? Assas.

Answer 5

Assassination- assassination of Franz Ferdinand was the trigger that started WWI.

Question 6

Zimmerman Telegram

Answer 6

Germany sent a telegram to mexico, which Britain intercepted and decoded, telling them to go into war with the US. Germany did this so that Britain’s supplies would be cut off and they’d focus on Mexico.

Question 7

What 3 states did Germany promise Mexico would regain?

Answer 7

Texas, Arizona, New Mexico.

Question 8

Unrestricted submarine warfare.

Answer 8

Germany lifted this rule, which meant their U-boats could sink any ships that were sending supplies to Britain. They did this to try and starve them.

Question 9

Schlieffen Plan

Answer 9

Germany’s plan to take over Russia and France. Plan was developed 9 years before, so it was out of date since technology was always changing.

Question 10

3 reasons the Schlieffen Plan failed?

Answer 10

Belgium wouldn’t let Germany through to France and because Russia stabilized their army faster than expected. Also dividing their army between France and Russia, less powerful.

Question 11

Triple Entente

Answer 11

France, Britain, Russia (Canada was a British colony)

Question 12

Triple Alliance

Answer 12

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Question 13

Tank

Answer 13

Was introduced at the battle of the Somme in 1916.

Question 14

Gas

Answer 14

Toxic chlorine gas was first introduced at the battle of Ypres in 1915 by the Germans. They had released the gas to attack French troops.

Question 15

Gas masks

Answer 15

Were first used in 1916 and had full face covering to protect soldiers from toxic gas.

Question 16

Fighter planes

Answer 16

Were used to capture pictures of enemy trenches and gain knowledge of the enemy.

Question 17

Ross Rifle

Answer 17

Used in WWI because it could fire faster than some other guns. Downside was it easily jammed in muddy conditions and would seize if over-heated.

Question 18

Creeping Barrage

Answer 18

A tactic used at Vimy Ridge where explosives would be fired while soldiers followed behind until they reached enemy trenches.

Question 19

Barbed wire

Answer 19

Was used to delay the enemy troops and offer some protection for attacks.

Question 20

Submarines

Answer 20

Used by the Germans (U-boats) to sink ships that were carrying supplies to Britain.

Question 21

Sonar

Answer 21

Used to detect submarines that were underneath a ship.

Question 22

Depth charges

Answer 22

A weapon that is dropped in the water and detonated, destroying any submarines nearby.

Question 23

Robert Borden

Answer 23

Was Prime Minister of Canada during WWI. He made conscription law and rigged the election. He allowed women relatives of soldiers the chance to vote in the election, knowing they’d vote for him. Conscription meant more men fighting which meant soldiers were more likely to come home safely. He took the vote away from enemy aliens also.

Question 24

Which women could vote under Borden?

Answer 24

Mothers, sisters, wives, daughters

Question 25

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 25

Was the president of the US during WWI and kept the US out of war with Europe and Mexico. He declared war on Germany because of unrestricted submarine warfare,

Question 26

Franz Ferdinand

Answer 26

Was the leader of Austria-Hungary and his assassination was the trigger cause of WWI. It happened in 1914 by a 19 year-old man named Gavrilo Princip.

Question 27

Alfred Von Schlieffen

Answer 27

Was a German field marshal and the man who came up with the Schlieffen plan.

Question 28

Manfred Von Richthofen (Red Baron)

Answer 28

Was a pilot for Germany and had many victories of shooting down other aircraft. Also known as the “Red Baron” because he painted his planes red.

Question 29

Billy Bishop

Answer 29

Was a pilot and had 72 victories during WWI. Received a Victoria Cross for destroying 4 German aircraft.

Question 30

Roy Brown

Answer 30

Serving with the Royal Naval Air Service, Roy was credited with shooting down the “Red Baron’s” plane.

Question 31

Arthur Currie

Answer 31

Was commander of the Canadians in June of 1917. Under his leadership, the Canadians had victories of Hill 70 and Passchendaele. He also saved many lives by demanding more guns and preparation time for Canadian soldiers.

Question 32

Victory Bonds

Answer 32

You give an amount of money to the government, and after a period of time, you get the money back with an interest rate on top. It was a way to fund war.

Question 33

Income Tax

Answer 33

Used to fund government services that contribute to society. It was supposed to be temporary.

Question 34

Loans

Answer 34

Money that you borrow from a bank that you must pay back with an interest rate and within a timeline.

Question 35

Victory Gardens

Answer 35

People would grow gardens to can the food and ship it overseas for the soldiers.

Question 36

War Measures Act

Answer 36

An act that enforced conscription. Forced men to enlist in war, by law.

Question 37

Enemy Aliens

Answer 37

People who immigrated from a country that Canada was at war with. People were paranoid and didn’t trust these new Canadian immigrants.

Question 38

Conscription Crisis

Answer 38

The English felt it was their duty to go to war and to protect their home. The French didn’t want to go to war because they didn’t have a connection to Britain. They felt it wasn’t their duty.

Question 39

Wartime Elections Act

Answer 39

PM Borden rigged the election by allowing women relatives of soldiers to vote, knowing they’d vote for him.

Question 40

Propaganda (4 things)

Answer 40

Fund war, rationing, enlistment, nationalism.

Question 41

Propaganda (7 tricks)

Answer 41

Name calling, card stacking, transfer, plain folk, testimonial, glittery generality, bandwagon

Question 42

Propaganda (evoke emotion)

Answer 42

Guilt, anger, sadness

Question 43

Propaganda (why posters)

Answer 43

TV was not invented, effective and cheap, radios were not accessible, had an impact

Question 44

Halifax Explosion

Answer 44

2 ships were passing, crashed, one carrying explosives, exploded. That night it snowed a foot so people were stuck under rubble and a foot of snow.

Question 45

Rationing

Answer 45

People had to ration food so that there was enough to send overseas.

Question 46

U

Answer 46

United States

Question 47

P

Answer 47

Parliament (people were hungry, blamed the government)

Question 48

T

Answer 48

Technology (detect and sink submarines)

Question 49

E

Answer 49

Embargo (economy of Germany falls apart)

Question 50

A

Answer 50

Alliances (Germany’s alliances were weak, Italy joined Entente)

Question 51

M

Answer 51

Multiple Fronts (divide your army, less powerful)

Question 52

Where and when did Ypres take place?

Answer 52

It took place in Belgium from April to May of 1915.

Question 53

Describe the battle of Ypres

Answer 53

It was the first time toxic chlorine gas was introduced, by the Germans, as a weapon to attack the French troops. A gap of 6.5 kilometers was made from the French defenders fleeing or dying from the gas.

Question 54

What role did Canadians play in Ypres?

Answer 54

When the French left the gap in defense, the Canadians fought all night to close the gap.

Question 55

Casualties of Ypres

Answer 55

6,035 casualties and 2,000 Canadians dead.

Question 56

When and where did Somme take place?

Answer 56

It took place at Somme river valley, Northern France from July to November of 1916.

Question 57

Describe the battle of Somme

Answer 57

This battle took place to relieve pressure on the French defenders. Before the attack, troops tried to fire shells at the enemy, to weaken their army, but a lot of the shells were defective or missing fuses. On July 1st, the British went “over the top,” expecting an easy attack on the Germans, but were instead met with deadly weapons and an unsuccessful attack.

Question 58

What was the role of Canadians in Somme?

Answer 58

Canadians fought at Beaumont Hamel and were attacked by Germans. Canadian troops also fought to capture the village of Courcelette, which was successful.

Question 59

What 2 things did Canadians use to capture Courcelette in battle of Somme?

Answer 59

Tanks and creeping barrage.

Question 60

Casualties of Somme

Answer 60

24,029 casualties of Canadian soldiers.

Question 61

Where and when did Vimy Ridge take place?

Answer 61

Northern France in April of 1917.

Question 62

Describe the battle of Vimy Ridge

Answer 62

Battle began at 5:30 am when 15,000-20,000 Canadian soldiers started to attack. They advanced behind a creeping barrage, which allowed them to move closer to the enemy, ultimately taking them out. On the morning of April 10th, Hill 145 was captured, and two days later, “the pimple” was captured. These are both high ground, which helped have a clear view of the Germans.

Question 63

The role of Canadians in Vimy Ridge?

Answer 63

They fought to take over Vimy Ridge and succeeded in that. This battle helped to define Canada as a nation because they were seen as one country and not as a part of Britain. Canada was also the only allied nation to take over Vimy Ridge, using all four of their divisions.

Question 64

Casualties of Vimy Ridge

Answer 64

10,600 casualties, with 3,600 of those being deaths.

Question 65

Where and when did Passchendaele take place?

Answer 65

Northwest Belgium from July to November of 1917.

Question 66

Describe the battle of Passchendaele

Answer 66

This battle was to capture the village of Passchendaele. It was extremely muddy which caused several men and horses to drown in the mud. Soldiers had to fight hard and push forward.

Question 67

Role of Canadians in the battle of Passchendaele?

Answer 67

Canadians fought hard in this battle and took over Passchendaele. Nine men earned the Victoria Cross.

Question 68

Casualties of Passchendaele

Answer 68

4,000 Canadian soldiers died and 12,000 were injured.

Question 69

End of War (Treaty of Versailles)

Answer 69

The war stopped when Germany surrendered on November 11th, 1918. Britain, France, and US were the big 3 to decide Germany’s conditions. The US wanted to keep peace, France wanted to be harsh, Britain was in-between.

Question 70

What conditions did Germany have to endure because of Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 70

Germany had to pay 30 million dollars and give up some of their land. They also had an immense amount of guilt put on them since they got blamed for war.

Question 71

Main cause of WWI and how were the others related?

Answer 71

The main cause of war was imperialism because countries wanted the resources of other countries. The assassination of Franz Ferdinand was just the trigger of war, countries had been preparing for war prior. All countries wanted the biggest and strongest army and went to war to prove that. When countries have alliances, countries would get dragged into war to maintain loyalty. People have a love for their country and feel they need to fight for it.

Question 72

Why was the war fought mostly from trenches?

Answer 72

Because machine guns were introduced and trenches were the only way to protect themselves. Trenches were built in zigzags so that artillery shells didn’t do as much damage and were contained. If you went out to no mans lands, you’d die.

Question 73

Why did the US enter war?

Answer 73

They entered the war because Germany began unrestricted submarine warfare and would attack and sink their ships. The US was previously neutral, but that set them off.

Question 74

Was conscription a success?

Answer 74

Yes, conscription was a success. Even though only around 25,000 soldiers made it to the front lines, they still contributed manpower to keep Canada in the fields.

Question 75

Why did Germany lose WWI?

Answer 75

1. Germany had to fight both in Western Europe and Russia. Planning and communicating 2 different wars is hard.
2. Germany’s allies were weak; Italy had left to join Triple Entente.
3. Their supplies and food were cut off. Britain and the US blocked shipping ports to Germany which caused a decline in war goods and food.
4. New technology. Depth charges and planes could drop weapons to destroy submarines below water.
5. The German government fell apart due to shortages, citizens blamed them.
6. The US entered the war and were ready to fight. German soldiers had low moral since war had gone on for so long.

Question 76

How did the Treaty of Versailles cripple Germany’s economy?

Answer 76

It crippled their economy because they had to surrender some land, which offered resources, which gave them profit. They no longer had this land and had to pay 30 million dollars to the allies, so there was no way to get the money.

Question 77

Wilhelm II

Answer 77

He was a German Emperor until 1918 when he lost support of the German military and people were starving that he was forced out of power.

Question 78

Nicholas II

Answer 78

He was the last Tsar of the Russian Empire.

Question 79

How many lives were lost during WWI?

Answer 79

20 million

Question 80

Why did men enlist in war at first?

Answer 80

They thought it would be an opportunity to travel and because they thought it would be over by Christmas.

Question 81

100 days offensive

Answer 81

In the final 100 days of war, Canada and the allied forces fought the German army in a series of battles, which drove them to surrender.