1920s and 1930s Test

Question 1

Richard Bedford Bennett

Answer 1

July 1930, he became prime minister of Canada. He set up unemployment relief camps and negotiated trade deals with other commonwealth countries. Bough prairie wheat and drafted a variety of bills.

Question 2

Adolf Hitler

Answer 2

January 1933, Hitler became chancellor of Germany. Became leader of Germany because German prices had sky-rocketed, people couldn’t buy anything due to hyper-inflation, money became useless. Hitler had big ideas and citizens were desperate so they elected him.

Question 3

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Answer 3

Elected president of U.S. in 1932. Enacted a program to attempt business and agriculture recovery and provide relief to the unemployed and who were close to losing farms and homes. Enacted social security which put heavier taxes on the rich.

Question 4

Stock Market

Answer 4

When you invest in a company’s stock. This means you own a percent of the company and can gain or lose money, depending on if the stocks rise or fall.

Question 5

F - faulty stock values

Answer 5

Stocks weren’t valued properly so people thought they were making money and was a money grab. Stocks got properly calculated, people realized they lost money and sold.

Question 6

O - over-production

Answer 6

Companies were selling lots, gained profit and put that back into making more products. Households only needed one of the products and had one already. Companies made more products then people were buying and had to let employees go since no one was buying.

Question 7

P - panic

Answer 7

When people found out they lost money from stocks, everyone sold, made stock prices fall further.

Question 8

Buy on Margin

Answer 8

Borrow money to buy stock. Usually borrow from a broker to magnify your money or because you can’t pay it all yourself. Broker pays a percent and you pay a percent of the price of the stock. Loss could also be magnified as well as a gain.

Question 9

H - hoarding

Answer 9

Companies let go of employees, lost their jobs so they went to the bank to get their savings. The banks had invested their money so they couldn’t give the unemployed their money. Banks closed so people hoarded their money. If people aren’t spending money locally, it’s not circulating in the local economy.

Question 10

Demand

Answer 10

Consumers desire to buy goods or services at a certain price. Usually a demand when something is new or popular.

Question 11

Hyper-inflation

Answer 11

When prices are rising faster than people’s wages can keep up with.

Question 12

Employment insurance

Answer 12

When you’re employed you pay a certain amount to this insurance so that if you lose your job, they will provide you with money until you find new work. But, this only helps people who previously had a job.

Question 13

Relief camps

Answer 13

Gave single, unemployed men a place to stay and gave them some money. The men would log or build roads, so it helped the country. Cons, the conditions were poor and they were paid very little.

Question 14

Wheat board

Answer 14

Farmers would sell their crops to the government, who would sell it for them.

Question 15

Minimum wage

Answer 15

The bare minimum required to pay employees. This was introduced to protect workers from being taken advantage of.

Question 16

Relief vouchers

Answer 16

People were given ration booklets and would be stamped when you purchased an item. This was to keep people from hoarding food. Con, if you have a bigger family then you need more food which you couldn’t get.

Question 17

Talkies

Answer 17

Were films that included talking/dialogue during a film.

Question 18

Silent film

Answer 18

A film without talking and was popular amongst immigrants.

Question 19

Pro hockey

Answer 19

First game of organized hockey was played in Montreal, 1875.

Question 20

CBC

Answer 20

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation

Question 21

Naval service bill

Answer 21

1909, Britain forced its colonies to give them money to help build a navy, but Canada refused. They built their own navy and would lend it to Britain if needed.

Question 22

Vimy Ridge

Answer 22

Canadians captured Vimy Ridge, which no other allied nation was able to do, and this got Canada an independent signature on T/V.

Question 23

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 23

1919, Canada signed T/V as an independent nation, which ended WWI.

Question 24

Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)

Answer 24

Leader is J.S. Woodsworth. Wanted minimum wage legislation, unemployment insurance, and unions. Unions represent workers and speak on behave of employees to protect their rights.

Question 25

Social Credit

Answer 25

Leader is Bible Bill Aberrant. Wanted a social dividend of $25 a month to encourage spending. Extra money will help the economy and help money circulate locally.

Question 26

Union Nationale

Answer 26

Leader is Maurice Duplessis. Return Que to an agricultural economy, loans to farmers, and didn’t like unions/communists.

Question 27

Liberals

Answer 27

Leader is Mackenzie King PM. Wanted to lower tariffs, have a trade agreement with the US so we could help each other.

Question 28

Prohibition (bootlegging and consequences)

Answer 28

The ban on the production and selling of alcohol. This was illegal. Bootlegging was making, transporting, or selling illegal alcohol. Bootleggers would often smuggle in alcohol and sell it for a high price since it was exclusive and in demand. If caught, you could get charged or arrested.

Question 29

Flappers

Answer 29

Flappers were young women who acted “unladylike.” They drove cars, drank alcohol, did the Charleston, and smoked cigarettes.

Question 30

Spanish Flu

Answer 30

Spring - summer of 1919, the Spanish flu spread throughout the world. 100 million were killed from death by dehydration. It spread because soldiers were returning home, to Europe and North America, from WWI and carried the disease with them.

Question 31

Credit

Answer 31

Was introduced in the 1920s and allowed people who couldn’t afford the new inventions, they could use their credit.

Question 32

Branch plants

Answer 32

Are plants or factories located in Canada, whose headquarters were located in the US. This allowed the US to sell their products in Canada and people wouldn’t have to cross the border and pay a tariff.

Question 33

What was prohibition and why was it a failure?

Answer 33

Prohibition was the law that banned the production and sale of alcohol. It was a failure because people resorted to smuggling liquor and lots of violence occurred. The mafia took control of the illegal booze trade. Police were against this law because they felt they had better things to do with their time then deal with bootleggers.

Question 34

Why were the 1920s economic boom years?

Answer 34

Hydro-electricity came out which led to new technological advances like new intentions. Electric stoves and toasters, washers and vacuums are examples. These appliances were more efficient and gave people more leisure time which allowed them to spend their money at the movies, sporting events etc. Assembly lines also allowed companies to produce more products at a more affordable rate while being efficient.

Question 35

Why did the stock market crash occur?

Answer 35

Lots of people were investing in the stock market, even if you couldn’t afford to, you would just go to a broker and get a loan. Everyone thought it was easy money since the stocks had always increased. Then they realized that they calculated the stocks wrong and people were actually losing money, people had to sell, so the prices plumeted and crashed.

Question 36

How stock market crash lead to unemployment?

Answer 36

People who had invested in the stock market lost a good amount of their savings which caused them to spend less. Since people were hoarding their money or spending very little, companies weren’t selling products and eventually had to let go of employees and shut down.

Question 37

What did the Canadian government do to confront the Depression?

Answer 37

They introduced unemployment relief camps, ration booklets, and wheat board.

Question 38

Why did Hitler become leader of Germany in 1933?

Answer 38

Hitler became leader because the economy was falling apart and people were desperate. Hitler was a great public speaker. He was inspiring and a great manipulator. He created a sense of mystery by not allowing people to take his picture which made people curious about who he was, so they’d come to his rallies and get caught up in the atmosphere leading to more support for him. He used propaganda and force/discipline which was valued, since the law was constantly being threatened.