World History: WWI Study Flashcards
How did the Franco-Prussian WAr of 1870-71 help lead Europe on the path to WWI in 1914?
It led to the first alliance made.
The Triple Alliance was made up of which 3 countires in 1914?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy
The Central Powers was made up of which 3 countries during 1915?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Ottoman Empire
The Triple Entente was made of which 3 countries during 1914?
Britain, France & Russia
What was the Triple Entente also called?
The Allies
Which country switched alliances in 1915 in order to gain lands from Austria- Hungary?
Italy
Which country was the largest Slavic nation in Europe?
Russia
Which small Slavic nation in the Balkan area of Europe did Russia act as a protector to?
Serbia
Besides Alliances, what were the 3 other cause for World War I to be fought?
a. Imperialism
b. Militarism
c. Nationalism
Which two causes above were seen as “rivalry” reasons? Explain how.
- Imperialism - nations completed against each other for lands/resources/strategic locations
- Militarism - nations completed to get the strongest, largest, forces with the best weapons etc.
Briefly explain why the Balkan Peninsula region of Europe was called “a powder keg?”
The Balkan region in southeastern Europe was home to many ethnic populations whose cultures, religions, etc. often differed. There were many conflicts between the different ethnicities that could possibly spark larger wars.
What was the name of the A-H archduke (heir to the throne)?
Franz Ferdinand
The assassin of the A-H was named what? And what Serbian nationalist/terrorist group was he apart of?
- Gavrilo Princip
- The Black Hand
The assassination of the Austrian-Hungary archduke in 1914 would be placed under which one the four causes of WWI?
Nationalism
How did WWI begin in August 1914?
When Germany invaded the neutral nation of Belgium in order to attack France.
What was the German plan for a 2-front war called?
The Schlieffen Plan
At which battle was the first German advance to capture Paris stopped?
First Battle of the Marne
As a result of Germany’s failed attack & neither side being able to out-flank each other, a long line of defensive _________ were made. This line became known as the _____________ Front & it stretched all the way from the __________ Channel to Italy.
- Trenches
- Western
- English
List 3 new weapons used for the 1st time during WWI
- Airplanes
- Tanks
- Poison Gas
Explain how trench warfare caused a stalemate?
Trenches caused a stalemate in WWI combat because entrenched soldiers were not fully exposed to bullets fired by the attacking enemy. The attacking enemy therefore found it extremely difficult to capture (& hold) a trench. Therefore the battle lines (front) rarely/barely moved.
Besides frontal attacks on enemy trenches, explain the 2 other reasons why the Western Front was called a “war of attrition”?
- Deadlier weapons/better technology caused massive numbers of dead & wounded soldiers
- Terrible conditions due to weather & lack of sanitation in the trenches led to disease outbreaks with many soldiers dying
What early battle on the Eastern Front resulted in the Germans crushing almost an entire Russian army?
The Battle of Tannenberg
The Ottoman Empiredefeated a British allied army at the Battle of ______________ . This 8-month battle was located in a strategic area called the ________________________. The reason why it was important was because this waterway was needed by the Allies in order to ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
- Gallipoli
- Dardanelles
- The Dardanelles were needed for allied ships to use in order to supply Russia
During WWI, the Ottoman Turks committed genocide by forcibly moving & killing over 1 million _______________. This ethnic minority was of the ______________ religion, but they were helping the ______________ fight the Turks during the war.
- Armenians
- Christian
- Russians
Great Britain helped the ____________ who lived under Ottoman rule by sending a military officer named ____________________________ to the Middle East to help these resistance fighters win lands from Ottoman control.
- Arabs
- T. E. Lawrence of Arabia
In the war at sea, the British used their ships to stop any ship from reaching German ports on the _______ Sea. In Germany, it became known as the __________________ Blockade. In return, the Germans used their _______________ to stop or attack any trade vessel in the ________________ Ocean that was going to Britain or France.
- North
- Hunger
- U- Boats
- Atlantic
Why did the Germans use unrestricted submarine warfare?
To stop/prevent France & Britain from receiving resources/trade (contraband) that can help them in their war effort
What was the Lusitania & why was it important to WWI?
Lusitania was a British cruise/passenger ship sunk by a German U-Boat in May 1915. 1,200 people were killed (128 of them Americans) The sinking led the US to be more anti-German in their neutrality & it made the Germans end their unrestricted submarine attacks on merchant ships
Who was the US President during WWI?
Woodrow Wilson
Since WWI was not over as quick as many nations thought it would be, governments of the warring nations had to meet the needs of both their military & civilians. BESIDES CONSCRIPTION, list 2 government policies made in wartime that affected their home front economies.
Price limits and Rationing
What were two roles/jobs performed by women in the nations at war?
Military role - Nurses
Homefront role- Factory jobs
What is propaganda? Give one example of a way that it was used during WWI?
Media/information that is used to help shape people’s opinion
Ex: Anti-enemy posters/signs, support for troops, patriotism
What were two reasons why Czar Nicholas II of Russia abdicated his throne in 1917?
WWI defeats and unhappiness of the troops
Homefront
unhappiness/riots due to shortages of food & fuels
Vladimir Lenin led a group of socialist revolutionaries, which were named the _________________ & they overthrew the provisional government of ______________ in November 1917. In March of 1918, Lenin & his revolutionaries had control over most of the country so they signed the Treaty of ____________________________ which was the surrender of Russia to the Central Powers, dropping them out of the war.
1.Bolshevicks
2. Russia
3. Brest-Litovsk
How could the above event help change the overall war for Germany?
The Germans would be able to transfer their Eastern Front army to the Western Front to help fight Britain & France. The additional troops could possibly tip the scale in favor of the Germans & break the stalemate to win the war
Briefly explain the Zimmerman Note. (who sent it, what it was meant to do & why was it important to the war?
The Zimmermann Note was a telegram sent by the German Foreign Ambassador (Zimmermann) to the German Embassy in Mexico. It was a proposal for the Mexican government to attack the US in order to keep America occupied so it wouldn’t enter the war in Europe. The British had intercepted the message, gave it to the US in early 1917 and used it as a reason to declare war on Germany
In the space below, write what WWI event is best described by the 3 statements below. (1 pt)
- boost for the worn-out French & British troops
- More troops to help stop the renewed German advance
- Led attacks that pushed the Germans back & eventually to surrender
US entry into WWI
