Biology Quiz: Mutations, Disorders, & Vocab Flashcards
A chromosome mutation in which a chromosomal segment breaks off and then reattaches in reverse orientation to the same chromosome is called…
Inversion
The loss of a piece of a chromosome due to chromosomal breakage is called…
Deletion
The failure of a chromosome to seperate from its homologue during meiosis is called…
Nonsdisjunction
A chromosome mutation in which a chromosome piece breaks off and reattaches to another, nonhomologous chromosome is called…
Translocation
What is it called when the physician removes a small amount of amniotic fluid from the sac that surrounds the fetus?
Amniocentesis
What is one disorder that is caused by nondisjunction and also happens when people are born with an extra 21st chromosome?
Down-Syndrome
What disorder causes the deterioration of the nervous system in infancy?
Tay-sachs
What disorder causes mucus to clog the lungs, liver, and pancreas?
Cystic Fibrosis
What disorder results in a defective form of the protein hemoglobin and causes organ damage?
Sickle Cell Anemia
What disorder causese less blood clots and more bleeding and is a sex-linked trait?
Hemophilia
Describe genotype and phenotype
Genotype: genetical makeup of an organism
Phenotype: physical makeup of an organism
What is a pedigree?
A family tree
