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World History > World History Unit 5 Test > Flashcards

World History Unit 5 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Greece made up of?

A

2,000 islands

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2
Q

What is the name of a city/state?

A

Poleis (plural) or Polis (singular)

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3
Q

Who made up an early civilization in Greece?

A

The Minoans

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4
Q

Where was the early civilization of Greece located?

A

The Islands of Crete

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5
Q

What did that early civilization of Greece specialize in?

A

Frescoes - Watercolor paintings done on wet paper

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6
Q

What are some ways that the early Greek civilization ended? 3 examples…

A

Volcano, Earthquake, Mycenaeans

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7
Q

Who are the Mycenaeans?

A

They conquered the Greek mainland and Crete and ruled from 1400-1200 BC

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8
Q

How did the Mycenaeans bring trade?

A

Through modern ships

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9
Q

Who did they trade with?

A

Sicily, Italy, Egypt and Mesopotamia

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10
Q

Who battled in the Trojan war?

A

The Mycenaeans and the Trojans

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11
Q

What was used in the Trojan war and what did it offer?

A

The Trojan horse was used by the Greeks (Mycenaeans) to enter into the Trojan city.

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12
Q

Who was a very famous author who wrote many famous literature works?

A

Homer

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13
Q

What did the famous author write?

A

The Odyssey and the Iliad

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14
Q

What is the concept of verbal story? Why did stories change?

A

Verbal story: The passing of myths about false gods and mythical creatures through word of mouth
Many people could have different perspectives thus changing the story

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15
Q

What are the three types of government developed in Greece? Between 750 B.C and 500 B.C.

A

Monarchy, Aristocracy, Oligarchy

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16
Q

What was the M——- government type about?

A

Single person (king or queen) in charge

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17
Q

What was the A———- government type about?

A

small groups of nobles/ wealthy families rule

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18
Q

What was the O——– government type about?

A

a few powerful/ business people rule

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19
Q

Where did the Greeks meet for special occasions?

A

The Acropolis

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20
Q

What is a tyrant?

A

People who tried to gain more control of the government

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21
Q

What government type developed in Athens?

A

A limited democracy - government by the people

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22
Q

What failed before the new gov. type in Athens?

A

A direct democracy

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23
Q

What gov. style came after the l—— d——– in Athens?

A

A representative democracy - male citizens over the age of 30 yrs. were members of the assembly - used in the US today

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24
Q

How were woman treated in Athens?

A

They were inferior and were not educated

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25
Q

How were men treated in Athens?

A

They were taught on many subjects with an emphasis on logic and public speaking

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26
Q

What did Sparta build?

A

A military state

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27
Q

How could the men serve in the military while keeping the fields in working order?

A

There were slaves called Helots

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28
Q

Describe the government in Sparta

A

Group of elders who carried out laws

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29
Q

How long were men supposed to stay in the military?

A

Until they were 60 years of age

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30
Q

When did the boys leave for the military in Sparta?

A

At the age of 7

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31
Q

How long were the boys train in Sparta?

A

Until they were 30

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32
Q

How did the women of Sparta differ from those in Athens?

A

Women is Sparta had more rights and were taught the same things as men

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33
Q

What did all Greeks share?

A

Festivals, gods, heroes and the Greek language

34
Q

What did the Greeks call those who did not speak the Greek language or share their customs?

A

“barbaroi” known as barbarian in English

35
Q

Describe the phalanx strategy?

A

Soldiers held a spear and shield while standing close to each other in rows and columns

36
Q

Draw the Thermopylae pass

A

~~~~~~ | | <- Persians

37
Q

Who led the Persians?

A

Darius

38
Q

What was the Marathon?

A

When Pheidippides ran a long distance and he died when he reached his location

39
Q

Who wins the Persian war?

A

Athens

40
Q

Who eventually takes over, leading the army to the rest of Greece?

A

Xerxes

41
Q

What league did Greece and Athen’s create?

A

The Delian league

42
Q

What did Sparta make in response to the D—– league.

A

Peloponnesian League

43
Q

What did Pericles do to benefit Athens? He came due to domination

A

He helped with politics and created the Direct Democracy

44
Q

What did Pericles do with the government?

A

He introduced salaries for the workers so anyone could work in the office no matter if they were poor

45
Q

What else did Pericles do besides help with gov.?

A

Hired architects to rebuild the Acropolis

46
Q

Athens had a stronger _ and Sparta had a stronger _ ?

A

Navy, Army

47
Q

Despite working together to defeat Persia, the Athenian and Spartan rival continued which sparked the _?

A

Peloponnesian War

48
Q

What happened when Sparta invaded?

A

Pericles moved everyone into the city walls which started a plague.

49
Q

What happened after the Athens gave up in the Pelo. War after fighting for 10 years?

A

Peace didn’t last and small battles continued. Corruption and self interests with democracy.

50
Q

After the lost confidence in democracy, what group sought to find the truth?

A

Philosophers or “lovers of wisdom” who understood the universe through logic and wisdom

51
Q

Who are Sophists?

A

Philosophers who questioned justice and traditional values

52
Q

Who was Socrates?

A

Encouraged self-wisdom, created the scientific method and was accused of corrupting youth and was put to death by poison

53
Q

Who was Plato?

A

Student of Socrates, believed in heavy gov. rule, wrote the Republic founded the Academy, and later was famous in Europe

54
Q

Who was Aristotle?

A

He questioned the nature of the world, summarized knowledge up until his time, wrote rules of logic, taught moderation and laugh the future leader Alexander

55
Q

Why was art so essential in Greek culture?

A

Mostly focused on sculpture and was religious based. Foreshadowed European art soon to come

56
Q

What encompassed drama in Greek culture?

A

Inventors of drama as an art form and created the first theaters

57
Q

What two types of dramas did the Greeks create?

A

Tragedy and Comedy

58
Q

Who was the father of history?

A

Herodotus and had a new emphasis on history and research was important to avoid bias

59
Q

Who gained temporary control after the Pelo. War?

A

Macedonia

60
Q

Who ruthlessly conquered and ruled Greece?

A

Philip II

61
Q

What other place was Philip looking to conquer?

A

Persia

62
Q

Why couldn’t he conquer Persia?

A

He was murdered

63
Q

Who took the power after Philip II death?

A

Alexander

64
Q

What goal did Alexander and Philip II share?

A

Conquer Persia

65
Q

What else did Alexander do that was better than taking control of the Persians?

A

He won many battles and eventually became larger than them

66
Q

How far did Alexanders rule cover?

A

Egypt -> India

67
Q

What place(s) did Alexander found?

A

Alexandria and 20 other Alexandria’s (crowned pharaoh)

68
Q

After facing soldiers on elephants and tough weather conditions, Alexander had to retreat. Did he die when planning for his next move?

A

Yes he died of sickness and suddenly died at age 33

69
Q

What major impact did Alexander have?

A

The blending of cultures and customs

70
Q

What is Hellenistic Culture?

A

The blending of Greek culture with Egyptian Culture, Persian and Indian principles

71
Q

What was the most famous example of Hellenistic culture?

A

The Egyptian city of Alexandria

72
Q

What was this place a prime example of Hellenistic culture?

A

Lots of commerce and mixing of cultures as well as known for palaces, an enormous lighthouse, a giant museum and library

73
Q

Why was Astronomy important?

A

It estimated the circumference, size and shape of the sun and earth

74
Q

Who was involved with the theories of astronomy?

A

Ptolemy -> incorrect

Aristarchus -> correct heliocentric model

75
Q

Why was math important?

A

Helped create inventions like the lever and pulley

76
Q

Who was involved with math?

A

Euclid -> geometric proofs
Archimedes -> value of pi (3.141592654)
Pythagoras -> Pythagorean Theorem a^2+b^2=c^2

77
Q

Why was medicine important?

A

It introduced ethical standards and codes for doctors

78
Q

Who was involved with medicine?

A

Hippocrates -> studied illnesses and cures

79
Q

What did sculpture focus on?

A

It focused on natural works - human, body, etc.

80
Q

What is an example of an early sculpture?

A

Colossus of Rhodes stood 100 feet tall

81
Q

Will Kyle do well on this test?

A

I think so… YES!!!

World History (4 decks)

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