World History - First Semester Final Flashcards
Mexico’s authoritarian leader from 1880 to 1910 who did not have the people’s best interests in mind
Porfirio Diaz
army generals or powerful civilian leaders backed by armed groups of followers that have power in Mexico
Caudillos
Bandit and leader of a band of armed peasants who helped Madero
Pancho Villa
Indian leader who aided Madero by raising an army of 5000 men
Zapata
In Mexico this made it so 1) government could take and redistribute the land of wealthy landowners 2) minimum wages and maximum work hours were set 3) life, health, and unemployment insurance programs were created 4) public school education and freedom of religion were granted
Mexican Constitution of 1917
New name for the National Revolutionary party which chooses the president in Mexico
PRI
Ruler of Cuba from 1935-1958. was backed by US business interests.
Batista
the statement made by Roosevelt saying that the US had the right to collect customs from Haiti and the Dominican Republic
Roosevelt Corollary
Haitian dictator whose dictatorship started in 1957. Had a long and feared dictatorship
Francois “Papa Doc” Duvalier
Dictator of the Dominican Republic from 1930-1961. One of the longest, cruelest, and most feared dictatorships of modern times
Rafael Trujillo
How did the US gain control of the Panama canal?
A French company began digging the canal in the 1880s but ran out of money. The deal to sell it to the US was denied by the government of Columbia. The french encouraged a group of Panamanians who wanted freedom to revolt. In 1903 the Panama government gave the US control of the canal zone.
National Guard commander of Nicaragua who overthrew the elected president and created a brutal dictatorship from 1936 until 1956 when he was asassinated
Somoza
Explain at least three ways of significant US intervention in Latin America during this period.
1) the US supervised the election of Cuba’s first president and after that president resigned, US rule returned in 1906-08 and again in 1917-23, and in 1933 the US helped overthrow a brutal dictator 2) in 1905 the US started collecting taxes in Haiti and the Dominican Republic - Roosevelt Corollary 3) control of Panama Canal
How did the Mexican Revolution influence other nations in Latin and South America?
The Mexican Revolution was admired by many common citizens who were inspired by it and because of this the people in power lost their hold over people.
How were most “elites” supported/empowered? Explain their ties with key industries for example in 1) Venezuela and 2) Brazil
1) In Venezuela the elites were fueled by the oil industry 2) The “Coffee Elite” was the wealthy landowners. Coffee production was the main source of wealth
What, according to Roosevelt, gave the US the justification to be the world’s cop? explain why you agree or disagree with this claim.
“Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may…ultimately require intervention by…the United States…to the exercise of an international police power” I agree/disagree because _______
It entered WWI in 1914 and believed that the war was a fight for the survival of Islam. It ruled a multi-ethnic empire with many languages and religions and was head by Sultans
Ottoman Empire
It was formed in 1923 with Mustafa Renal as the first president who put new reforms from parts of German, Italian, and Swiss legal systems in place.
Turkey
An ancient country ruled by a series of Shahs from 1797 to 1896. It formed into Iran
Persia
Formed from Persia in 1979 by Reza Shah who started a system of secular schools and made it so women didn’t have to wear veils and were encouraged to work.
Iran
Widespread constitution and national legislature against European involvement in Persia
Majles
Ruler of Persia
Shah
Ruler of Iran when it was first formed who westernized the country
Reza Shah
Agreement between France and Britain to split the Ottoman Empire between them if it didn’t make it through WWI
French “Mandate”
Britain and France decided that the Palestine region should be handled differently than the rest of Syria because it contained many sacred places in three world religions
British “Mandate”
Britain announced its support for the establishment of a national home for all Jewish people in Palestine and that nothing can be done to harm none-Jewish people in Palestine
Balfour Declaration
Support for the right of Jews to return to their ancient homeland and create a state
Zionism
Founder of the Zionist movement in the 19th century
Theodore Herlz
The area between the Jordan river and the Mediterranean sea and a large region to the east.
Transjordan
Mandate for self-rule in Palestine that was prepared by Britain. It created a workable government.
Palestine Mandate
When Hilter’s rise of power in Germany brought a huge wave of Jewish immigrants to Palestine the Arabs living there were alarmed and began to revolt. it forced Britain to withdraw it’s support for a Jewish homeland and took away many of their rights.
Palestine Revolt
Many European powers have long histories of trying to intervene in the Middle East, but Britain’s early interventions, according to the textbook, “…contain the roots of tension that still challenge the Middle East today.” Explain some of the reasons why.
Britain took away the rights of many people and pitted countries against each other. because it didn’t know the relationships between groups, when it put certain groups together it caused unrest and fighting
While the Middle East is a hotbed of religious conflict today, under the Ottoman Empire, there was at least basic co-existence, commerce, and tolerance for diverse neighborhoods. How did the “millet” system help foster this?
Each millet was it’s own religious group, headed by a religious leader, and each had limited legal power. the Millets controlled marriage, divorce, and baptism according to their own laws. Still, Muslims, Christians, and Jews all lived and worked in communities together.
