World Geo Facts Flashcards
China
As of 15 October 2024
- Capital
At the historical heart of chinas capital ________ lies the Forbidden City, the enormous palace compound that was the home of the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties; the Forbidden City hosts the Palace Museum, which contains imperial collections of Chinese art.
- Interesting fact
The ____________ _______ (Chinese: 紫禁城; pinyin: Zǐjìnchéng) is the imperial palace complex in the center of the Imperial City in Beijing, China. It was the residence of 24 Ming and Qing dynasty Emperors, and the center of political power in China for over 500 years from 1420 to 1924. The palace is now administered by the Palace Museum.
- Flag
The red background of the Chinese flag represents the ______________ Revolution that culminated in the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Each of the small stars represent one of four social classes (the working class, the peasantry, the urban petite bourgeoisie, and the national bourgeoisie) centered around a larger star that symbolizes the Chinese Communist Party.
- Beijing
- Forbidden City
- Communist
India
As of 17 October 2024
- Capital
____ ______ is the seat of all three branches of the Government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Sansad Bhavan, and the Supreme Court.
- Interesting fact
The _________________ ________ formerly known as Viceroy’s House (1931–1947) and Government House (1947–1950) now is called ‘Presidential Palace’ the official residence of the President of India at the western end of Rajpath, Raisina Hill in New Delhi. It was constructed during the rule of British India opening was in 1931.
- Flag
Colloquially called Tiraṅgā (the tricolour), is a horizontal rectangular tricolour flag, the colours being of India saffron,
white
and India green;
with the _________ __________, a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre.
It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, and it became the official flag of the Union of India on 15 August 1947. The flag was subsequently retained as that of the Republic of India.
In India, the term “tricolour” almost always refers to the Indian national flag.
- New Delhi
- Rashtrapati Bhavan
- Ashoka Chakra
United states
As of 18 October 2024
- Capital
_________________ ____, formally the District of Columbia, is the capital city and federal district of the United States.
The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with Maryland to its north and east.
It was named for George Washington, the first president of the United States. The district is named for Columbia, the female personification of the nation.
- Interesting fact
_____________ is the historical and poetic female personification of the United States. She was commonly used in the 18th and 19th centuries to symbolize the nation, much like Britannia represents Britain and Marianne represents France.
Origins of Columbia:
• Personification:
Depicted as a classical figure, often wearing flowing robes, sometimes holding a shield or a banner, and typically portrayed as a guardian of liberty and democracy.
Symbolic Role:
• Representation of Liberty and Justice: Columbia often represented ideals such as liberty, freedom, and justice. She was frequently used in political cartoons, literature, and art to embody the United States and its values. • Usage in Art and Culture: Columbia appeared on posters, coins, stamps, and was a prominent figure in art and patriotic works. For example, Columbia was used as the symbol of the nation during the Revolutionary War and later during major historical events.
Decline in Popularity:
• Over time, it was largely replaced by other symbols of the United States, such as Uncle Sam or the Statue of Liberty. While it is less common in contemporary culture, she remains an important part of American iconography and history.
- Flag
The national flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag or the U.S. flag, consists of thirteen horizontal stripes, alternating red and white, with a blue rectangle in the canton bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows, where rows of six stars alternate with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 U.S. states, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that won independence from Great Britain in the ________________ ________________ ____.
- Washington, D.C.
- Columbia
- American Revolutionary War
Indonesia
As of October 21 2024
- Capital
___________ formerly known as Batavia until 1949, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia.
- Interesting fact
The National Monument (Indonesian: Monumen Nasional, abbreviated _______) is a 132 m (433 ft) obelisk in the centre of Merdeka Square, Central Jakarta.
It is the national monument of the Republic of Indonesia, built to commemorate the struggle for Indonesian independence from the dutch empire.
This monument is crowned with a flame covered in gold leaf which symbolizes the burning spirit of struggle of the Indonesian people.
- Flag
The national flag of Indonesia is a simple bicolor with two horizontal bands, red (top) and white (bottom) with an overall ratio of 2:3.
It was introduced and hoisted in public during the proclamation of _________________ on 17 August 1945 at 56 Proklamasi Street (formerly Pegangsaan Timur Street) in Jakarta, and again when the Dutch formally transferred sovereignty on 27 December 1949.
The design of the flag has remained unchanged since.
- Jakarta
- Monas
- independence
Pakistan
As of 22 October 2024
- Capital
____________ built as a planned city in the 1960s and established in 1967, it replaced Karachi as Pakistan’s national capital.
- Interesting fact
The ___________ Monument is a national monument and heritage museum located on the western Shakarparian Hills in Pakistans capital.
The monument was constructed to symbolize the unity of the Pakistani people. It is dedicated to the people of Pakistan who sacrificed their “today” for a better “tomorrow”.
- Flag
It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan on 11 August 1947,
and it became the official flag of the Dominion of Pakistan on 14 August 1947,
following independence from the ________ Empire. The flag was subsequently retained as that of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in 1956 and remains in use as the national flag to this day.
- Islamabad
- Pakistan
- British
Nigeria
As of 23 October 2024
- Capital
_______ became Nigeria’s capital in 1991 after the Federal Military Government of Nigeria moved the capital from Lagos.
- Interesting fact
Film industry: Nigeria’s film industry, __________ , is the second largest in the world, after Bollywood.
- Flag
The flag was first officially hoisted on October 1, 1960, when Nigeria gained its independence from ________.
- Abuja
- Nollywood
- Britain
Brazil
As of 24 October 2024
- Capital:
____________
- Interesting Fact:
Brazil is the _________ country in South America and the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas.
- Flag:
Green with a yellow diamond in the center, featuring a blue globe with a white band that reads “Ordem e Progresso” (______ ____ _______).
- Brasília
- largest
- Order and Progress
Bangladesh
As of 25 of October 2024
- Capital: ________ – It became the capital due to its historical importance as a major trading and cultural center during the Mughal Empire. It was named the capital when Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan in 1971.
- Interesting Fact about the Country: Bangladesh is home to the Sundarbans, the largest mangrove _________ in the world and the habitat of the Bengal tiger.
- Flag: Green with a red circle slightly off-center, symbolizing the blood of those who fought for_________________ and the green landscape of the country.
- Dhaka
- forest
- independence
Russia
As of 26 October 2024
- Capital: _________ has served as Russia’s capital for centuries. It became Russia’s political center in the 15th century, marking the end of Mongol rule. Moscow has since been a focal point for Russian culture, politics, and history, remaining influential through the rise of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and modern Russia.
- Interesting Fact about the Country: Russia is the ___________ country in the world by land area, spanning 11 time zones and covering over one-eighth of Earth’s inhabited land area.
- Flag: The Russian flag consists of three horizontal stripes in white, blue, and red. It was originally inspired by the flag of the _______________ in the 17th century when Peter the Great sought to modernize Russia and adopted similar colors. It became the official national flag in the 19th century, symbolizing nobility (white), loyalty (blue), and courage (red).
- Moscow
- largest
- Netherlands
Mexico
As of 27 October 2024
- Capital: ___________ _____. Built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan, the ancient Aztec capital, it was established in the 14th century after the Aztecs saw an eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak, as foretold by their gods.
- Interesting Fact: Mexico is known as the birthplace of _____________. The ancient civilizations of Mexico, including the Maya and Aztecs, used cacao beans to make a bitter drink that was believed to have spiritual and health benefits.
- Flag: The flag has green, white, and red vertical stripes. In the center, the emblem shows an eagle on a cactus holding a snake in its beak, based on the Aztec legend of where they were divinely instructed to build there civilization _______________.
- Mexico City
- chocolate
- Tenochtitlan
Japan
as of 28 October 2024
- Capital:
________. Originally a small fishing village named Edo, it became the capital in 1868 when Emperor Meiji moved the imperial seat there and renamed it ________, meaning “Eastern Capital.”
- Interesting Fact:
Japan is home to more than _____ islands, the four largest being Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku.
- Flag:
Japan’s flag, known as the “Nisshoki” or “Hinomaru,” features a simple red circle symbolizing the rising sun. The sun has been a powerful symbol in Japanese culture, representing the country’s identity as the “____ __ ___ ______ ___.”
- Tokyo
- 6,800
- Land of the Rising Sun
Philippines
As of October 29 2024
- Capital:
_________ Founded in 1571 and home to historic sites like Intramuros.
- Interesting Fact:
The Philippines is the only predominantly __________ country in Southeast Asia.
- Flag:
Established in 1898 during the fight for independence from _______, the flag’s blue symbolizes peace, red represents courage, and the sun with three stars stands for unity among regions.
- Manila
- Christian
- Spain
Ethiopia
As of October 30 2024
- Capital:• Is ________ ________, meaning “New Flower,” is a major hub for African diplomacy and is the headquarters of the African Union.
- Interesting Fact:
• Ethiopia is one of the ________ nations in the world and is the only African country never to be colonized, maintaining its independence even during the Scramble for Africa. - Flag:
• Ethiopia’s flag features green, yellow, and red stripes with a blue circle and a star in the center. The colors represent hope, peace, and strength. Ethiopia’s flag influenced many African nations’ flags after ___________________, as it became a symbol of African pride and freedom. The current design was adopted in 1996.
- Addis Ababa
- oldest
- independence
Egypt
As of 2 November 2024
- What is the capital of Egypt?
- Egypt has the Great Pyramid of Giza, the last standing of the Seven Wonders of the _________ __________.
- Describe the Egyptian flag.
- Cairo
- Ancient World.
- It has three horizontal stripes (red, white, and black) with the Eagle of Saladin in the center, symbolizing strength. Adopted in 1984.
Democratic Republic of the Congo
As of November 3
(Capital) What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
(Interesting Fact) What notable feature does the Democratic Republic of the Congo have regarding its rivers?
(Flag) What are the colors and symbols of the DRC’s flag?
(Capital) Kinshasa
(Interesting Fact) The Congo River, the second-longest and deepest in Africa, crosses the equator twice.
(Flag) Blue flag with a yellow star and a red stripe, symbolizing peace and hope.
Vietnam
As of 4 November 2024
(Capital) What is the capital of Vietnam, home to the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, where the embalmed body of Ho Chi Minh, the revolutionary leader who led Vietnam’s fight for independence, is preserved?
(Interesting Fact) What famous natural feature in Vietnam is known for its limestone islands and emerald waters?
(Flag) What are the colors and symbols of Vietnam’s flag?
(Capital) Hanoi.
(Interesting Fact) Ha Long Bay
(Flag) Red flag with a yellow star, symbolizing unity and national pride.
Iran
As of 5 November 2024
(Capital) What is the capital of Iran, home to the Golestan Palace, a UNESCO World Heritage site and former royal complex of the Persian Empire?
(Interesting Fact) What famous natural feature in Iran is known for its unique salt flats and desert landscapes?
(Flag) What are the colors and symbols of Iran’s flag?
(Capital) Tehran.
(Interesting Fact) Dasht-e Kavir, the Great Salt Desert, known for its salt flats and striking desert scenery.
(Flag) Green, white, and red with a central emblem symbolizing the word “Allah” and the Islamic faith.
Turkey
As of 6 November 2024
(Capital) What is the capital of Turkey?
(Interesting Fact) which continent is turkey a part of?
(Flag) What are the colors and symbols of Turkey’s flag?
(Capital) Ankara.
(Interesting Fact) Turkey spans two continents, Europe and Asia, making it a transcontinental country.
(Flag) Red with a white star and crescent, symbolizing the nation’s Islamic heritage and history.
Germany
As of 9 November 2024
(Capital) What is the capital of Germany, and which famous landmark there symbolizes the country’s reunification?
(Interesting Fact) What major historical event in the 20th century is Germany known for?
(Flag) What are the colors of Germany’s flag, and what do they represent?
(Capital) Berlin, home to the Brandenburg Gate, a symbol of Germany’s reunification.
(Interesting Fact) Germany is known for World War II and the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, which marked the reunification of East and West Germany.
(Flag) Black, red, and gold, symbolizing freedom, unity, and democracy.
France
As of 11 November 2024
(Capital) What is the capital of France, known for its role as a global cultural center and home to the iconic Eiffel Tower?
(Interesting Fact) What major 18th-century revolution in France led to the fall of the monarchy and the rise of modern democracy?
(Flag) What are the colors of France’s flag, and what ideals do they symbolize?
(Capital) Paris.
(Interesting Fact) The French Revolution.
(Flag) Blue, white, and red for liberty, equality, and fraternity.
United Kingdom
As of 12 November 2024
(Capital) What is the capital of the United Kingdom, known for landmarks like Big Ben and Buckingham Palace?
(Interesting Fact) What global empire was the United Kingdom famous for leading during the 19th and early 20th centuries?
(Flag) What is the design of the United Kingdom’s flag, and what does it symbolize?
(Capital) London.
(Interesting Fact) The British Empire.
(Flag) The Union Jack, symbolizing the union of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
Thailand
As of 13 November 2024
(Capital) What is the capital of Thailand, known for its ornate temples and the Grand Palace?
(Interesting Fact) What nickname is Thailand known by due to its never being colonized by a European power?
(Flag) What are the colors of Thailand’s flag, and what do they represent?
(Capital) Bangkok.
(Interesting Fact) The “Land of the Free.”
(Flag) Red, white, and blue, symbolizing nation, religion, and monarchy.
South Africa
As of 16 November 2024
(Capital) how many capital cities does South Africa have, and which city serves as the administrative capital?
(Interesting Fact) What remarkable natural landmark in South Africa is known for its flat top and stunning views?
(Flag) What are the colors of South Africa’s flag, and what do they symbolize?
(Capital) South Africa has three capitals; Pretoria is the administrative capital.
(Interesting Fact) Table Mountain.
(Flag) Black, green, yellow, red, white, and blue, symbolizing unity and diversity.
