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Geography > Worksheet chapter 2/ Sections 1-2-3 > Flashcards

Worksheet chapter 2/ Sections 1-2-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Earth?

A

A part of our solar system

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2
Q

What is the sun?

A

Solar system’s centre
Ball of burning gases.
109 times wider than earth

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3
Q

What does the sun create?

A

A strong pull of gravity

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4
Q

What does the physical force of the sun do?

A

Keeps the earth and other objects turning

around the sun.

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5
Q

How many planets do we have in our solar system?

A

8 planets

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6
Q

The Inner planets:

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

● Made of solid rock
● Smaller than the outer planets
● Have a solid surface
● Closest to the sun

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7
Q

The Outer planets:

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptunes

● Made of Gas
● Bigger than the inner planets
● Don’t have a real surface
● Farest from the sun

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8
Q

What does the surface of Mercury look like?

A

Looks so much like the surface of the moon

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9
Q

What do we have on the surface of Venus?

A

Active volcanoes

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10
Q

What do we have on the surface of Mars?

A

The largest volcano in the solar system: Olympus Mons

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11
Q

Is Pluto considered one of the planets in our solar system?

A

No, it is one of the Dwarf planets

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12
Q

What is Pluto?

A

A ball of ice and rock

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13
Q

What are the planets in the solar system that don’t have moons?

A

Mercury and Venus

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14
Q

What are the largest objects in our solar system?

A

planets

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15
Q

What are the forces that occur on the surface and change the earth’s surface?

A

Wind and Water

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16
Q

What are the forces that originate deep in the earth’s interior and change the earth’s surface?

A

Volcanic eruptions and Earthquakes

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17
Q

(first layer of the earth) The crust:

A

Made of solid rock

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18
Q

(second layer of the earth) The mantle:

A

Made of molten rock (magma)

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19
Q

(third layer of the earth) The outer core:

A

Made of liquid metal

20
Q

(fourth layer of the earth) The inner core:

A

Made of solid iron

21
Q

What is the continental drift ?

A

The theory that the continents were once joined

and then slowly drifted apart

22
Q

What do plates do?

A

● Constantly changing the face of the planet.
● Push up mountains
● Create volcanoes
● Produce earthquakes

23
Q

How do plates move?

A

So slow, slower than a snail

24
Q

What are the forces of change?

Subduction:

A

The continental and sea plates converge/smash together to form mountains and volcanoes

25
Q

What are the forces of change?

Accretion:

A

The sea plate slides under the continental plate forming a

trench (crack)

26
Q

What are the forces of change?

Spreading:

A

The plates spread/ diverge causing the surface to crack, which lets the magma come out of the surface and turn into lava

27
Q

Faulting

A

The plates rub against each other with a big force which widely and deeply cracks the surface into so many faults (deep and large cracks) causing a violent earthquake

28
Q

What happens when the plates squeeze the earth’s surface ?

A

The surface curves or folds.

29
Q

Folding

A

Forms folds or bends, in layers of rock.

30
Q

What are the causes of erosion?

A

1) Wind
2) Glaciers
3) Water

31
Q

Liquid water

A

Oceans, lakes and seas

32
Q

Gas/vapor

A

The atmosphere holds water vapor or gas

33
Q

Solid water

A

Snow or ice

34
Q

Where do we find salt water?

A

Oceans and Seas

35
Q

Where do we find freshwater?

A

Lakes, Rivers and Springs

36
Q

Where does the freshwater come from?

A

Mainly from rain

37
Q

What are the 4 oceans?

A

● The Pacific Ocean
● The Atlantic Ocean
● The Indian Ocean
● The Arctic Ocean

38
Q

What is evaporation?

A

The changing of liquid water into vapor, or gas.

39
Q

What causes evaporation?

A

The sun’s heat

40
Q

Is the Gulf of Mexico, partially or completely enclosed by land?

A

Partially enclosed by land

41
Q

Is the Mediterranean sea, partially, completely or almost completely enclosed by land?

A

Almost completely enclosed by land

42
Q

Desalination

A

Turn ocean water into freshwater by removing the salt.

43
Q

Where does the groundwater come from?

A

● Rain
● Melted snow
● Water that drips into the ground from lakes and rivers.

44
Q

What are the important sources of freshwater?

A

● Aquifers

● Groundwater

45
Q

What are the aquifers?

A

An underground porous rock layer (have small holes

that allow air or liquid to pass through ) often soaked with water in the form of streams

Geography (4 decks)

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