Workplace bullying Flashcards
What are 4 types of workplace violence
- psychological- self confidence of SE attacked e.g. jokes
- Physical- e.g move persons stuff
- Sexual- behaviour with sexual connotation harms integrity or dignity e.g sexist joke
- financial- limit opportunities for more income
What is workplace bullying
Worker is bullied if:
- Person repeatedly acts unreasonable to them
- behaviour creates risk to health and safety
What are 5 causes of workplace bullying
- Frustration strain (Work in stressful enviro and don’t have coping strategies)
- Interpersonal conflict (caused when conflict is mismanaged)
- Intra-group dynamics- (org enables bullying e.g. culture of gossip)
- Individual lvl causes (personality)
- org causes (leadership, no policies)
What is the “stress perspective (Leyman)” theoretical framework
Stress is a two-way process; it involves the production of stressors by the environment, and the response of an individual. Bullying is a sign of stress, it escalates from a conflict and moves through 4 steps.
- Critical incident (trigger)
- Bullying and stigmatizing individual-
- personnel management- Management steps in, easier to take view of bully and blame personal characteristics of victim instead of enviro (create explanation why the bullying occurred)
- Expulsion- fire bully if obvious whats going on, causes psyc illness to victim and can be misdiagnosed if not believed
What is the conflict escalation model (9 steps)
(win-win)
Stage 1- Tension (inevitable and solution is focus)
2- debate (relo becomes source of tension, distrust)
3- actions instead of words (confrontations destructive)
(win-lose)
4. coalitions (not longer about issue but victory, defend reputation)
-after this need 3rd party to resolve conflict
5. loss of face (acts isolate the ppl from bystanders)
6. threat strategies (result t threats, loss control over course of events, pressure to act rapidly)
(lose-lose)
7. limited destruction (threats into action, survival and less damage then other person is goal)
8. total annihilation (break enemy, only thing stopping you is concern for own survival)
9. Together in the abys (dont care about self presentation only making sure other person fails too)
What is the conflict escalation model (zaff and gross)
- social climate is characterised by intragroup conflict and target unable to protect self from frequent attacks
- This turns into neg interpersonal interactions and becomes bullying
- target forced into new roles not typical for their job
- So bullying occurs if victim feels situation continues as daily hassle which changes their status in the workplace and effects their health
- if conflict not resolved turns into neg destructive behaviour called bullying
- can view victim as worse then bully so relo between org management and employee is critical
difference between stress theory and conflict theory of workplace bullying
- In the context of stress theory, bullying is a severe form of social stressors at work
- conflict theory, bullying signifies an unsolved social conflict having reached a high level of escalation and an increased imbalance of power
What is the work environment hypothesis
poor work enviro as cause of bullying which leads to antisocial behaviours due to frustration and stress
- poor leadership
- job demands
- job resources
- work control
What is workplace incivility
low level rude inconsiderate behaviors with ambiguous intent to harm target, lack or regard for others
e. g. interrupt continuously
- undermine reputation
- mock opinions or beliefs
- ask to perform tasks that are below ones skill level or belittle them
What are some suggested strategies to combat this (7)
- identify and combat factors that enable bullying to occur
- clear procedures/policies to address bullying
- emphasis financial implications and legal obligations
- train leaders and managers
- empower employees
- interventions that create pos and psyc health workplace
- use individual approaches like mediation carefully
