Working model of memory Flashcards
The guy who proposed this is everywhere (he starts with a B)
What is the working memory model?
Short answer
Proposed by Baddeley and Hitch in (1974).
KF case study suggested that the STM is more complex.
Think about Jacobs digit span test for STM
Why was the working memory model introduced?
Dual task study
Dual task study goes against MSM as if the digit span test was a measure of STM capacity, ppts=impaired performance (wasn’t the case).
Concluded STM was made of several components.
What are the main features?
What is the central executive?
- Monitors incoming data
- Allocates sub-systems to tasks
- Divides limited attention
- Modality free (coded anywhere)
- **Limited **coding capapcity
- Decision making
What is its role/how is it stored?
What is the phonological loop?
- Deals with **auditory information **
- Preserves order in which information arrives
- Coded accoustically
- Capacity perceived to be 2 seconds
2 sub sections.
Describe sub sections of the phonological loop.
Proposed by Baddeley 1986
- Phonological store —–> Words you hear
- Auditory process ——> maintenance rehearsal (inner scribe/voice)
What is the visuo-spatial sketchpad?
- Inner eye
- Stores visual and spatial information
- **Limited **(holds up to 3-4 items)
- stored visually
There are two one sounds like lacaag.
Describe the subsections of the visuo spatial sketchpad.
- Visual cache —-> visual data (what you see)
- Inner scribe ——> arrangements of objects.
If two tasks require the same component, the component is strained.
Uff its that guy Baddeley back at it again 😡
What is the role of the episodic buffer?
- Added to model in 2000 by Baddeley and acts as a temporary store of information.
- Helps maintain a sense of time sequencing
- Records events and links back to LTM
- Limited capacity of four chunks
- Modality free and based on information given.
Strength to do with KF (C) 🍗
Evaluation of the WMM
Support from clinical evidence.
KF is an indiviual who had a motorcycle accident which led to the removal of his occipital lobe leading to brain damage to the STM not the LTM.
However, KF could remember information presented visually better than informtaion presented auditorially.
Suggests that STM is complex and comprised of sub units based on senses. If one is damaged, the other can work perfectly fine.
COUNTERPOINT:
case studies=lack of controls
hard to asses memory beforehand as comparison
Strength- Baddeley AGAIN but this time with some multi tasking 🤯
Evaluation of WMM
Baddeley and Hitch 1976 conducted a** dual task study.**
In one condition, participants took part in two accoustic tasks while other condition completed an accoustic based task and visual task.
Found that those who has both tasks in the phonological loop was impaired.
Supports idea of separate phonological loop and visuo spatial sketchpad.
Limitation to do with study approach.
Evaluation of the WMM
- WMM adopts a nomothetic approach which attmpst to generate a universal law applying to all people regarding how STM stores information.
- Under laboratory conditions so low external validity.
- More hollistic approach is using **idiographic approaches **with individual experiences such as KF to shed light on how STM loss can vary betweeen people.
