Working Memory Flashcards
The first stage of any memory task; refers to the process of recording information into memory.
Encoding
The second stage of any memory task; refers to holding or storing information in memory
Retention
the third stage of any memory task; refers to finding or accessing information in memory
Retrieval
A memory retrieval task in which subjects must reproduce a memory item (or set of items) given the context in which the item occurred (e.g., “write down all the words from list #2”)
Recall
A memory retrieval task in which subjects are given a memory item and must decide whether that item occurred in a particular context (e.g,. “did the word ACCORDION occur in list #1?”)
Recognition
An enhancement of stimulus processing due to prior exposure to another stimulus.
Priming
Material learned once and then forgotten is learned more quickly a second time
Savings in relearning
Experiments on free recall demonstrate better recall of the first and last few items on a list, and poorer recall of all the items in between.
Serial Position Curve
Increased memory for the first few list items in a free recall task.
Primacy effect
Increased memory for the last few list items in a free-recall task.
Recency effect
The theory that forgetting occurs through the mere passage of time
Decay
The theory that forgetting from short-term memory occurs because new items crowd out old items in a limited-capacity storage space
Displacement
A component of working memory in Baddeley’s model, used for storing and operating on verbal representations
Phonological Loop
Confusions between similar-sounding items in verbal short term memory tasks
Acoustic Similary Effect
Disruptive effect of background speech on verbal short term memory tasks.
Irrelevant Speech Effect
