Workforce Safety and Wellness: Chapter 2

Question 1

The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors.

Answer 1

Transmission

Question 2

Any airway manipulation that induces the production of aerosols that may present a risk for airborne transmission of pathogens, such as CPR.

Answer 2

aerosol-generating procedure

Question 3

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.

Answer 3

general adaptation syndrome

Question 4

The active pursuit of a state of good health.

Answer 4

wellness

Question 5

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.

Answer 5

designated officer

Question 6

The spread of an organism via droplets or dust.

Answer 6

airborne transmission

Question 7

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body.

Answer 7

contamination

Question 8

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.

Answer 8

human immunodeficiency virus

Question 9

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm.

Answer 9

posttraumatic stress disorder

Question 10

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Answer 10

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Question 11

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.

Answer 11

infection

Question 12

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease.

Answer 12

standard precautions

Question 13

Prolonged or excessive stress.

Answer 13

cumulative stress reactions

Question 14

The body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.

Answer 14

immune

Question 15

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

Answer 15

communicable disease

Question 16

A negative response to a stressor.

Answer 16

distress

Question 17

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection.

Answer 17

cover

Question 18

A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time.

Answer 18

compassion fatigue

Question 19

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease.

Answer 19

foodborne transmission

Question 20

A beneficial response to a stressor.

Answer 20

eustress

Question 21

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another.

Answer 21

vector-borne transmission

Question 22

Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation.

Answer 22

acute stress reactions

Question 23

A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions.

Answer 23

burnout

Question 24

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.

Answer 24

hepatitis

Question 25

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace.

Answer 25

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Question 26

The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from distress.

Answer 26

resilience

Question 27

The use of objects to limit a person’s ability to see you.

Answer 27

concealment

Question 28

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host.

Answer 28

pathogen

Question 29

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Answer 29

bloodborne pathogens

Question 30

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur.

Answer 30

exposure

Question 31

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact.

Answer 31

direct contact

Question 32

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel.

Answer 32

infection control

Question 33

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material.

Answer 33

personal protective equipment

Question 34

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object.

Answer 34

indirect contact

Question 35

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.

Answer 35

host

Question 36

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.

Answer 36

infectious disease

Question 37

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.

Answer 37

critical incident stress management

Question 38

Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation.

Answer 38

delayed stress reactions