Workbook1

Question 1

How many virtual consoles does Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL, hereafter) provide?

Answer 1

6 [4]

Question 2

From X, what key combination is used to access the 1st virtual console?

Answer 2

CTRL+ALT+F2 [4]

Question 3

Aside from logout, what command ends a session in a virtual console?

Answer 3

exit [5]

Question 4

What is X server?

Answer 4

It Provide a Graphical Environment [5]

Question 5

From a virtual console, what key combination can be used to access X server?

Answer 5

CTRL+ALT+F1 [5]

Question 6

Give three reasons why someone would use a virtual console instead of the graphical
environment.

Answer 6

1) machine might not have enough memory or hardware to support the graphical environment
2) virtual consoles might be all that are available
3) they are also useful in debugging systems where the graphics might not be working [5]

Question 7

What is the name of the terminal application that you are launching when you open a terminal
window?

Answer 7

gnome-terminal [6]

Question 8

What command can be used to determine who is logged in to a system?

Answer 8

Who Command [9]

Question 9

What does pts/0 refer to?

Answer 9

refers to the first terminal opened within the X server [9]

Question 10

What command is used to remotely log in to a machine?

Answer 10

ssh [10]

Question 11

What is a process?

Answer 11

The copy of the program running in memory is called a process [15]

Question 12

Is Linux a multitasking system? Explain why (why not)?

Answer 12

Yes,
This means that the kernel gives the appearance of running multiple processes simultaneously. In reality, the kernel is running a single The Kernel, Programs, and Processes process for a brief amount of time [15/16]

Question 13

What do Linux users use to interact with the kernel?

Answer 13

Shell [16]

Question 14

What is a PID?

Answer 14

Process ID [16]

Question 15

What is an absolute reference?

Answer 15

File references relative to the root directory always

start with a leading / [19]

Question 16

What is an relative reference?

Answer 16

File references relative to the current working

directory start with something other than a / [19]

Question 17

Give the absolute reference for the root directory

Answer 17

/ [19]

Question 18

What character(s) starts a relative reference?

Answer 18

../.. [19]

Question 19

If your current working directory is /etc, give
(i) an absolute reference to /etc/sysconfig/network
and
(ii) a relative reference to /etc/sysconfig/network.

Answer 19

(i) /etc/sysconfig/network

(ii) sysconfig/network

Question 20

What color does the ls command use to display names of

(i) directory files,
(ii) executable files,
(iii) regular files?

Answer 20

(i) Blue
(ii) green
(iii) white

Question 21

What command can concatenate multiple files and output the concatenated result?

Answer 21

cat Command [20]

Question 22

In which directory is a user placed upon logging in?

Answer 22

when user’s log in to a Linux session, their shell uses their home directory as its current working directory [21]

Question 23

Give a command line that redirects to calendar.txt the output of the command used to display a
calendar.

Answer 23

cal calendar.txt [21]

Question 24

What does the first word on a command line generally refer to?

Answer 24

The name of a program[24]

Question 25

In the following command line, identify

(i) the switch(es) and
(ii) the argument(s).

[obamab@station obamab]$ ls -s -w 40 -r /usr

Answer 25

(i) -s, -w -r are switches

(ii) 40 and /usr are the argument [26]

Question 26

Rewrite the command line in the previous question to accomplish the same task, by combining
switches wherever possible.

Answer 26

ls -srw 40 /usr/ [26]

Question 27

Rewrite the command line in the previous question using the long command line switches
named width and size.

Answer 27

ls –width=40 –size -r /usr/ [26]

Question 28

What long command line switch can be used with most commands to obtain help?

Answer 28

–help [27]

Question 29

What two short command line switches can be used with most commands to obtain help?

Answer 29

-h or -? [27]

Question 30

What command can usually help restore a terminal to sane behavior?

Answer 30

reset command [32]

Question 31

What would cause a terminal to not behave sanely?

Answer 31

Sometimes, users accidentally (or intentionally) ask a terminal to display data that is not encoded as ASCII text, such as an image or an executable. [32]

Question 32

What key combination terminate the foreground process?

Answer 32

CTRL+C [32]

Question 33

What key combination Normal signaling of the end of input?

Answer 33

CTRL+D [32]

Question 34

What key combination Sound an audible terminal bell?

Answer 34

CTRL+G [32]

Question 35

What key combination Backspace - erase the previous character?

Answer 35

CTRL+H [32]

Question 36

What key combination Line feed - alternative for the RETURN key?

Answer 36

CTRL+J [32]

Question 37

What key combination causes bash to clear

screen, and other screen based programs to “refresh” the current screen.?

Answer 37

CTRL+L [32]

Question 38

What key combination Thaw the terminal display

Answer 38

CTRL+Q [32]

Question 39

What key combination Erase current line

Answer 39

CTRL+U [32]

Question 40

What key combination Suspend the foreground process

Answer 40

CTRL+Z [32]

Question 41

What is /dev/zero and what does it do?

Answer 41

is a pseudo device that, when read, returns an infinite number of (binary) zeros [33]

Question 42

What is /dev/null and what does it do?

Answer 42

Is a pseudo device that throws away any

information written to it [33]

Question 43

What key combination signals the end of input to commands such as wc and bc?

Answer 43

CTRL+D [33]

Question 44

Why would you suspend a program?

Answer 44

So at a later stage you can restore a the program [34]

Question 45

What command restores a suspended program?

Answer 45

fg [34]