Workbook 4 File Ownership and Permissions: Chapter 1: Regular File Ownership and Permissions

Question 1

In the output of a long listing (ls -l), which field indicates
(i) the user owner
and
(ii) the group owner?

Answer 1

(i) Third Field

(ii) fourth Field [4]

Question 2

What are the three permission types for regular files and their symbols?

Answer 2

-rw-rw-r–

Question 3

What does having the r permission for a regular file enable a user to do?

Answer 3

Read

Question 4

What does having the w permission for a regular file enable a user to do?

Answer 4

Write

Question 5

What does having the x permission for a regular file enable a user to do?

Answer 5

Execute

Question 6

What are the three access classes and their symbols?

Answer 6

1. (u)ser owner
2. (g)roup owner
   (o) ther

Question 7

If a file’s permissions are rwxr-xr-x, what are the permissions of each of the three access
classes?

Answer 7

(u) ser: read write execute
(g) roup: read execute
(o) ther read execute

Question 8

When you try to access a file, what questions does Linux ask and in what order?

Answer 8

1. Does the user own the file? If so, the user permissions are used.
2. Is the user a member of the group that owns the file? If so, the group permissions are used.
3. Otherwise, the other permissions are used.

Question 9

What are the default permissions for regular files newly created by a normal user?

Answer 9

user owns the file, and as the file owner, he has read and write permissions. Users
other than elvis can only read the file. [5]

Question 10

To execute a file, what permission(s) does a user need for the file?

Answer 10

(w)rite permission [6]

Question 11

What are the permissions always for a symbolic link?

Answer 11

rwxrwxrwx