Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 15 > Work of Gait > Flashcards

Work of Gait Flashcards

1
Q

Smooth progression of gait due to what

A

concentric and eccentric transferring of power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Joint power

A

joint motion x joint angular velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

negative power

A

eccentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

positive power

A

concentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hip extensors generate power in ____ to ____

A

in early stance to propel and extend hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hip flexors generate power in ____ to _____

A

in pre and initial swing to advance the limb forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Knee flexors generate power in ______ to ____

A

early stance to help extend the hip and propel the body forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The quads generate power in _____ to _____

A

stance to re-extend the knee after loading response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The PF generate power in ____ to ____

A

in terminal stance and preswing to propel the body forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The hip flexors absorb power through ____ to _____

A

terminal stance decelerate the extended hip and body’s COM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The quads absorb power in ____ to ____

A

loading response to control knee flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The hamstrings absorb power in ______ to ____

A

in swing to decelerate the swinging limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The PF absorb power in ___ to _____

A

mistance to just prior to end of terminal stance to control the advancement of the tibia over the ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What sequence is responsible for COM progression smoothly during gait?

A

power generation and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mechanical energy

A

capacity to performwork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mechanical work

A

force x distance through which the force acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Muscles perform what kind of work to move our bodies

A

internal work as they shorten and lengthen over a distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

______ is a major determinant in the mechanical cost of walking

A

mechanical work (force x distance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When is internal muscle work greatest?

A

when the COM is moved up and forward. The WAY it is moved up rather than the AMOUNT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Explain the internal pendulum

A

As we walk the bodies COM repeadedly swings over the stance limb. This happens with no additional energy input because energy cannot be created or destroyed

21
Q

Potential energy

A

energy that is stored

22
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy the produces work or is released

23
Q

Once the car goes over the top of the hill what do you have?

A

both KE and PE

24
Q

KE and PE are related to what in the body

A

the distance of the body’s COM from the earth

25
Q

minimizing mechanical energy expenditure is what?

A

a dominant characteristic of gait

26
Q

what contributes to the efficiency of gait?

A

the muscles ability to absorb and generate energy. Metabolic energy

27
Q

Mechanical energy (capacity to do work) dictates what?

A

the metabolic energy you spend and therefore how we move and our efficiency of gait.

28
Q

Looking at energy expenditure gives us what kind of information on gait performance?

A

global information: it provides quantifying info on the physiologic penalty due to pathologic gait

29
Q

Walking speed that minimizes the cost of gait (m/s, mph and m/min)

A

1.3 m/s
3mph
79.8 m/min

If you walk faster or slower than this you’re increasing the cost of gait

30
Q

the amount of energy input that is convered into useful work is called what and humans can achieve what?

A

physiologic efficiency

20%

31
Q

Energy that is not converted to meaningful mechanical work appears as what?

A

heat energy

32
Q

Name the three units of energy we talked about

A

Cal
kcal
J

33
Q

Direct calorimetry measures what

A

physiologic energy expenditure by determining the body’s heat and work production

Impractical

34
Q

Indirect calorimetry measures the volumes of what two things

A

O2 consumption and CO2 production

35
Q

the rate of O2 consumption per kg of body weight is what?

A

metabolic power

36
Q

metabolic power determines what?

A

intensity of sustained exercise

related to the length of time an exercise can be performed

37
Q

what is O2 consumption rate at rest?

A

2.8 ml/kb/min

38
Q

equation for O2 cost

A

O2 cost = rate of O2 consumption (metabolic power) / walking speed

39
Q

what two ways can O2 cost be increased by

A

increased O2 rate consumption

Decreased walking speed with normal O2 rate

40
Q

What age of people have the “best” efficiency?

A

adults

41
Q

ankle fusion and gait efficiency vs. hip and metabolic power/O2 rate

A

not that different in the ankle. vs hip there is a lot of extra movement and compensation and therefore much higher higher O2 rate of consumption

42
Q

what jt jusion has the greatest negative impact on the energy expenditure during gait?

Least?

Middle?

A

hip joint fusion had most impact

Ankle had least

Knee had greater than ankle but less than hip

43
Q

O2 rate of consumption and prosthetics general idea

A

the higher the amputation the more O2 rate of consumption

44
Q

What body system has a large bearing on O2 consumption?

A

CV system. Physically feet people

45
Q

What is normal O2 rate of consumption with walking

A

12

46
Q

in the study malloy showed us how did limb length afect O2 rate

A

there was no difference but he said to not take this as a generalization. The point is that both are very different than a normal person.

47
Q

Experiment data: cane for two months before study period.

How long did it take for can use to decreased energy expenditure in OA patients?

A

2 months!

It can substantially INCREASE energy expenditure in knee OA patients in the first month of use

48
Q

LE pathology causing altered ______ ______ can profoundly increase ______ _______

A

LE pathology causing altered MUSCLE FUNCTION can profoundly increase ENERGY EXPENDITURE

Unit 15 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions