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Max Spinal 2 > work book final > Flashcards

work book final Flashcards

1
Q

what is the location of the cell body of a primary sensory/afferent neuron?

A

dorsal root ganglion

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2
Q

synapse of the primary sensory neuron will be in the ____________ on a secondary sensory neuron?

A

dorsal horn

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3
Q

what 7 muscle groups have dorsal primary ramus innervations?

A 
erector spinae
transversospinalis
splenius
levator costarum
interspinalis
intertransversarii
suboccipital
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4
Q

what is the subdivision of the visceral motor system with neurons aggregated along the GI tract is the?

A

enteric

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5
Q

what plexus lies between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers along the entire gut?

A

myenteric plexus of auerbach

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6
Q

what type of activity is the myenteric plexus of auerbach responsible for?

A

peristaltic

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7
Q

what lies between the circular layer and muscularis mucosa of the gut?

A

submucosal plexus of meissner

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8
Q

the submucosal plexus of meissner is responsible for what activity?

A

secretion and absorption

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9
Q

the sympathetic division is also known as?

A

thoracolumbar

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10
Q

the sympathetic division arises from which horn of the spinal cord?

A

lateral

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11
Q

what cord levels does the sympathetic division arise from?

A

T1-L2

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12
Q

how many paravertebral ganglia are present in the fetus?

A

62

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13
Q

how many paravertebral ganglia are present in the adult?

A

42

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14
Q

how many paravertebral cervical ganglia are present in the fetus? how many present in the adult

A

fetus: 8 pair
adult: 3 pair

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15
Q

how many paravertebral thoracic ganglia are present in the fetus? how many in the adult?

A

fetus: 12 pair
adult: 11 pair

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16
Q

how many paravertebral lumbar ganglia are present in the fetus? how many in the adult?

A

fetus: 5 pair
adult: 4 pair

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17
Q

how many paravertebral sacrum ganglia are present in the fetus? how many in the adult?

A

fetus: 5 pair
adult: 3 pair

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18
Q

how many paravertebral coccyx ganglia are present in the fetus? how many in the adult?

A

fetus: 1 pair
adult: absent

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19
Q

what forms from the fusion of C1-C4 paravertebral ganglia?

A

superior cervical ganglion

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20
Q

does the fusion of C1-C4 paravertebral ganglia cause a communication interruption to spinal nerves C1-C4?

A

no the communication is preserved

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21
Q

the fusion of which cervical paravertebral ganglia form the middle cervical ganglion?

A

C5 and C6

22
Q

the fusion of which cervical paravertebral ganglia form the inferior cervical ganglion?

A

C7 and C8

23
Q

if the paravertebral ganglia of T1 fuses with C7 and C8 it is known as?

A

stellate/Cervicothoracic ganglion

24
Q

name the 3 most consistent prevertebral sympathetic ganglia?

A

Celiac
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric

25
Q

in the sympathetics, preganglionic fibers are ____ and postganglionic fibers are _____. (lengths)

A

preganglionic are short

postganglionic are long

26
Q

what are the classifications of postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers based on target organ?

A

Vasomotor
Sudomotor
Pilomotor
Secretomotor

27
Q

prevertebral and paravertebral ganglia communicate with each other via?

A

Splanchnic Nerve

28
Q

what is the paravertebral ganglia origin of the cardiac splanchnic nerve?

A

Cervical ganglia

T1-T5 paravertebral ganglia

29
Q

what is the paravertebral ganglia origin of the greater splanchnic nerve?

A

T5-T9 or T10 paravertebral ganglia

30
Q

what is the paravertebral ganglia origin of the lesser splanchnic nerve?

A

T9, T10, T11 paravertebral ganglia

31
Q

what is the paravertebral ganglia origin of the least/lower/third splanchnic nerve?

A

T12 paravertebral ganglion

32
Q

what is the paravertebral ganglia origin of the lumbar splanchnic nerve?

A

lumbar paravertebral ganglion (L1-L4)

33
Q

what is the synonym for the pelvic splanchnic nerves?

A

Nervi erigentes

34
Q

name the 5 parts to the PNS?

A 
ventral nerve root
dorsal nerve root
mixed spinal nerve
ventral ramus
dorsal ramus
35
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the ventral root of C4?

A

somatic motor fibers

36
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the ventral root of T9?

A

somatic motor fibers

preganglionic sympathetic fibers

37
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the dorsal root of S4?

A

Central sensory process

38
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the mixed nerve of C2?

A

Somatic motor fibers

Peripheral Sensory Process

39
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the mixed nerve of T4?

A

somatic motor fibers
peripheral sensory process
preganglionic sympathetic fibers

40
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the mixed nerve of S3?

A

somatic motor fibers
peripheral sensory process
preganglionic parasympathetic

41
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the dorsal ramus of T3?

A

somatic motor fibers
peripheral sensory process
postganglionic sympathetic fibers

42
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the dorsal ramus of S3?

A

somatic motor fibers
peripheral sensory process
postganglionic sympathetic fibers

43
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the ventral ramus of C3?

A

somatic motor fibers
peripheral sensory process
postganglionic sympathetic fibers

44
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the Ventral ramus of T2?

A

somatic motor fibers
peripheral sensory process
preganglionic sympathetic fibers
postganglionic sympathetic fibers

45
Q

what nerve fibers can be found in the ventral ramus of S4?

A

somatic motor fibers
peripheral sensory process
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

46
Q

the extremities are innervated by _________ primary rami only.

A

ventral primary rami only

47
Q

what are the three target sites for synapse for preganglionic sympathetic fibers in the heart pathway?

A
  • synapse in paravertebral ganglia of origin T1-T4 or T5
  • ascend to each of the cervical ganglia for synapse
  • synapse in the cardiac plexus itself
48
Q

what is the adrenal medulla embrylogically derived from?

A

neural ectoderm

49
Q

the adrenal medulla represents a modified ____________ ganglion.

A

modified sympathetic prevertebral ganglion

50
Q

what cells of the adrenal medulla do preganglionic sympathetic fibers from T9-L2 synapse on?

A

chromaffin cells

51
Q

when preganglionic sympathetic fibers from T9-L2 synapse of the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla it stimulates the release of?

A

catecholamines

52
Q

the nervi erigentes synapses in ____________ located in or on the wall of the target organ.

A

intramural ganglia

Max Spinal 2 (4 decks)

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