Neural Tissue Organization

Question 0

What does propagation do?

Answer 0

Conveys the (depolarization) impulse along the plasma membrane

Question 1

When the normal electrical charge on either side of a neuron is altered, it is known as?

Answer 1

Depolarization

Question 2

What implies the relay of the impulse across a small distance (synaptic cleft) to other neurons, muscle cells, and a growing list of additional cell types?

Answer 2

Transmission

Question 3

What type of synapse is unidirectional?

Answer 3

Chemical gradient

Question 4

What type of synapse is bi-directional?

Answer 4

Electrical transmission

Involves cell to cell contact

Question 5

What neuroactive substance acts rapidly and locally?

Answer 5

Neurotransmitters: the primary chemicals released by neurons

Question 6

What neuroactive substance is slower acting, so it gradually regulates the discharge rate of the target neurons?

Answer 6

Neuromodulators

Question 7

What neuroactive substance exerts a slow but wide spread influence?

Answer 7

Neurohormones

Question 8

The projections conveying an impulse away from a cell body are called?

Answer 8

Dendrites

Question 9

The projections which conveys an impulse away from the cell body is called?

Answer 9

An axon

Question 10

Which neuron is rare in vertebrate adults but are identified in embryogenesis?

Answer 10

Unipolar: single projection from the cell body

Question 11

Where can bipolar neurons be found?

Answer 11

The neuron with two projections from the cell body can be found in the nasal cavity epithelium, in the retina, and in the vestibular and cochlear ganglia of the eighth cranial nerve

Question 12

What do pseudo unipolar neurons do during development?

Answer 12

They originate as bipolar neurons then the projections shift and combine at the cell body. These neurons comprise the rest of the adult sensory ganglionic neuron cell types

Question 13

What is the multipolar motor neuron of the brain and spinal cord?

Answer 13

Stellate neuron

Question 14

What multipolar neurons are found in the cerebral cortex?

Answer 14

Pyramidal neurons

Question 15

Projection neurons are multipolar neurons that are also known as?

Answer 15

Golgi type 1 purkinje cell of the cerebellar cortex

Question 16

Golgi type 2 granule cells of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex are multipolar neurons known as?

Answer 16

Local circuit neurons

Question 17

What neuron morphological classification are neurons of the motor ganglia?

Answer 17

Multipolar neurons

Question 18

What neuron functional classification are involved in the process of relaying information from specialized receptor endings towards the CNS?

Answer 18

Sensory/afferent

Question 19

What is the peripheral process?

Answer 19

The dendrite of the primary sensory neuron

Question 20

Unipolar, bipolar, and pseudounipolar cells are functionally classified as what type of neurons?

Answer 20

Sensory/afferent

Question 21

The first neuron in a sensory pathway to the brain or spinal cord is known as?

Answer 21

Primary sensory neuron
Or
First order neuron

Question 22

Where will the motor pathway begin?

Answer 22

It begins with the neuron whose axons leaves the CNS,
also known as
the primary motor neuron.

Question 23

In the brain, what makes up the nucleus of origin?

Answer 23

Clusters of primary motor neurons

Question 24

In the spinal cord, primary motor neurons aggregate where?

Answer 24

Ventral and lateral horns

Question 25

What is the specific site of autonomic neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord?

Answer 25

Interomediomedial and interomediolateral cell columns within the reed lamina 7 of the lateral horn

Question 26

Since skeletal muscle is derived from somites, only the axons from the primary neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord are called?

Answer 26

Somatic motor fibers