Work And Employment Flashcards
Employment (def.)
Work undertaken for payment
The labour force
-the people working or available to work
Employment sectors
- primary
- secondary
- tertiary
Employee’s rights (by law)
The right to…
- a fair wage
- to join a trade union
- receive a statuary number of holidays
- not be discriminated against
- have a safe and healthy working environment
Employee’s responsibilities (not legally obliged)
To…
- work at best
- honour company rules
- not reveal confidential information
- respect the business’ property
- obey company policy
Self employment (def.)
-refers to people who seek out paid work for themselves rather than be employed by someone else
Advantages and disadvantages of self employment
Advantages
- you make all decisions
- self satisfaction
- you choose working hours
- you keep all the profits
Disadvantages
- could make bad decisions (no experience)
- long hours
- unlimited liability
- stress
- difficult to get holidays
Organisation of a business
Shareholders->
Board of Directors ->
Manager Director/Chief Executive Officer->
Managers (eg, production, purchasing, marketing, finance etc)
What is structural unemployment?
When an entire industry is wiped out
Eg. Construction not needed after the Celtic tiger
What is cyclical unemployment?
When there is a decrease in luxury products/services and firm closes down -> unemployment
What is relocation related unemployment?
When a multinational company decided to move where an input (is. Workforce, raw materials) to their company is cheaper
Seasonal unemployment
When people are only employed during a certain time of year, but let off a few months later (eg
Christmas or summer jobs)
What is meant by technology related unemployment
When technology takes people’s jobs
How is unemployment in the country measured?
- the live register
- list of all the people that claim Social Welfare payments each week
Emigration (def.)
When people move. Countries to seek employment
Redundant
This is when an employee is let go from a company. Usually receive a ‘redundancy’ payment for their years of service
Definition of employer
Anyone who pays someone else to work
Employers legal rights
To…
- are the work conditions
- dismiss employees who do not honour the terms of employment
- recieve fair work for fair wage
- expect loyalty from employees
Employers responsibilities
To provide... -a written Terms Of Employment -safe and healthy workplace -written proof of pay (payslip) To... -abide by the law -to not discriminate -to deduct tax and pay to revenue commissioner
What law stops discrimination in employment, what nine ground of discrimination are mentioned?
The Employment Equality Act 2007
- gender
- marital status
- family status
- age
- religion
- disability
- member of traveller community
- sexual orientation
Work definition
-any activity that involves mental or physical effort
Salaries
Payment made to an employee that Is NOT dependant on the number of hours worked/goods produced
Wages
Payment made to an employee that IS dependant on the number of hours worked
Time Rate (payment method)
The employee is paid per hour worked
Piece rate (payment method)
Employee is paid per unit produced
Commission rate
Employee is paid per unit sold
Time in Lieu
When you work extra hours and earn time off in the future
Flexitime
-employee (within limits) chooses which times to work their set hours for basic pay
Benefit in Kind / Perks
When an employment gets non-cash payment as part of their job
Eg. Company car, mobile, insurance, subsidised meals,
Basic pay
Amount of pay an employee will receive for working their agreed hours
(Doesn’t include any perks or overtime)
PAYÉ
Pay as you earn
-covers government expenditure on the running of government departments (hosp, schools)
USC
Universal social charge It covers... -social welfare benefits -pension -sickness/injury/disability benefit -dental/optical treatment -contribution towards health services
PRSI
Used to provide illness benefit, old age pension, etc
Voluntary deductions
Items agreed between the employee and employer that is subtracted from the emoloyee’s wages to pay for an item that will benefit the employee
Industrial-Relations
The term used to describe the relationship between management and workers in a company
If industrial relations are bad…
- Lack of co-operation between employees
- Decrease in efficiency
- Industrial action which may cause the closure of the firm
- A poor public image of the firm
Trade union
Is an organisation of workers set up to protect and improv their conditions of employment
Functions of Trade Unions
- To protect jobs
- To improve working conditions
- To secure pay increases for member
- To represent workers in an industrial dispute
TEEU
Craft Trade Union
Technical, Engineering and Electrical Union
ESBOA
An industrial trade union
Electrical Supply Of Boards Officers Association
SIPTU
General Trade Union
Services, Industrial, Professional and Technical Union
Shop steward
-worker elected by fellow members to represent the trade union in the workplace
Shop steward functions
- To recruit new members to the union
- Encourage people to join
- Collect subscriptions form members
Official Strike
- members of the union vote on whether or not to vote
- notice is given to T.U. that they’ll strike (minimum of 2 weeks notice neccesary)
- members picket workplace (don’t allow others in)
- not paid for strike days
Am all out strike
This is when ALL employees from different unions go on strike together eg. School, TUI’ ASTI, SIPTU
Unofficial strike
Workers strik w/o 2 weeks notice
Strike w/o telling the union
They risk loosing their jobs
A wild cat strike
Like an unofficial strike but more sudden
-workers get up and leave
Work to rule
When E,players continue to do their job to the bear minimum that their contract requires
