Word Formation Processes

Question 1

Borrowing

Answer 1

Taco, Piano, Pretzle. All of these are taken directly from another language

Question 2

Loan Translation (Calques)

Answer 2

Take a sense of the word. gratte ciel in french means scrape sky so we use sky scraper

Question 3

Derivation

Answer 3

un-happy, mis-represent, child-ish. Adding a suffix or prefix to change the part of speech

Question 4

Conversion (Zero Derivation)

Answer 4

“It pays to DISCOVER” “The more you know, the more you KOHLS” Taking a proper noun and switch the part of speech.

Question 5

Out Right Coinage

Answer 5

Just making up the words. Kodak or Frindle

Question 6

Compounding

Answer 6

putting 2 separate words together. sunburn, wallpaper, fingerprint

Question 7

Blending

Answer 7

Smog, brunch, motel

Question 8

Clipping

Answer 8

reduce the length of the words: airplane to plane, laboratory to lab, refrigerator to fridge

Question 9

Backformation

Answer 9

New word formed from older word because older word is assumed to be from the new word. Editor to edit even though edit was never a word

Question 10

Acronomy

Answer 10

laser, scuba, radar

Question 11

Initialisms

Answer 11

FBI, ZCMI

Question 12

Eponomy (onomasia)

Answer 12

words from names:watt, sandwhich, cesarian section, jumbo, gin

Question 13

Reduplication

Answer 13

ba ba, da da, gobble gobble, criss cross, fiddle faddle, ping pong

Question 14

Folk Etymology and Reinterpretation

Answer 14

monokini, hangnail, hamburger, helpmate