word classes Flashcards
what is a cognitive adjective?
an adjective that gives more information about a noun (eg the black cat, the open door)
what is an affective adjective?
gives more opinion about the noun (eg his favorite band, my useless brother)
what is an attributive adjective?
an adjective next to a noun (eg a new hobby, something new)
what is a predicative adjective?
come after the noun (eg the sea is blue, the children were happy, the cake looked delicious)
what is a superlative?
say the noun is the most or least (eg the worst witch, oldest pair of jeans)
what is a comparitive?
adjectives that grade the quality of a noun as being somewhere between the most and least (eg the cheaper ticket, a longer ladder)
what is an intensifier?
used to add more emphasis to adjectives (eg so tired, very pretty)
what is the main verb?
the verb that carries the action (eg drive, say, went)
what is an auxiliary verb?
tells us the tense of the verb (eg i will go, he had eaten, i am listening)
what are the english verb tenses?
- simple past (i did my work)
- simple present (i do my work)
- simple future (i will do my work)
- continuous past (i was doing my work)
- continuous present (i am doing my work)
- continuous future (i will be doing my work)
- perfect simple past (i had done my homework)
- perfect simple present (i have done my work)
- perfect simple future (i will have done my homework
- perfect continuous (i had been doing…)
- perfect continuous present (i have been doing…)
- perfect continuous future (i will have been doing…)
what is a modal auxiliary verb?
tells us how the verb happens (she could try, they might go)
what is a dynamic verb?
refers to a physical action (eg dance)
what is a stative verb?
involve a state of feeling or a thought process (eg dream, believe, worry)
what is an active verb?
when the verb is performed by the subject (eg john kicked the ball)
what is a passive verb?
when the verb happens to a subject or object (john was hit by a ball, the letters were sent)
what is a transitive verb?
verbs that need to be followed by an object to make sense (eg i need a pen)
what is an intransitive verb?
verbs that do not need a direct object (tom’s grades improved)
what is an adverb of manner?
how the verb happens (suddenly, nervously etc)
what is an adverb of time?
when the verb happens (yesterday, later etc)
what is an adverb of frequency?
how often the verb happens (every Saturday, frequently, once a year, never)
what is an adverb of place?
where the verb happens (in the main hall, on Facebook)
what is an adverb of direction?
where the verb is going (eg forwards)
what is an adverb of comment?
what someone thinks about how the verb happens (happily, unfortunately etc)
what is an adverb of degree?
the extent to which the verb happens (too heavily, until nearly midnight)
what is an adverb of affirmation?
showing agreement with the verb (certainly, by all means, sure)
what is an interrogative adverb?
questions about the verb (why is john late? when did john arrive?)
what is a relative adverb?
links parts of a sentence together to give clarity (the time when we had no mobile phones, i know why he left)
what is a conjunctive adverb?
link parts of the sentences in the same way that conjunctions do (eg Debbie missed the deadline, THEREFORE her bid wasn’t accepted)
what is a definite article?
eg ‘the’
what is an indefinite article?
eg ‘a’ ‘an’
what is a possessive determiner?
‘my’ ‘your’
what is a demonstrative determiner?
‘those’ ‘that’ ‘these’
what is a quantifying determiner?
‘a few’ ‘many’ ‘plenty of’ ‘6’ ‘3rd’
what is a personal pronoun?
I, you, he/she/it, we, they
what is a possessive pronoun?
mine, yours, his/hers/its, ours, yours, theirs
what is a demonstrative pronoun?
this, that, those, these
what is an interrogative prounoun?
which, who
what is an indefinite pronoun?
none, some, several
what is a reciprocal pronoun?
each other, one another
what is a relative pronoun?
which, where
what is a reflexive pronoun?
myself, yourself, himself/herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
what is a subject pronoun?
replace the subject of a sentence
what is an object pronoun?
replaces the object of a sentence
what are greeting interjections?
hello, hi, goodbye, see ya
what are polite interjections?
please, thank you, thanks, ta
what are positive interjections?
yes, yep, right, of course
what are negative interjections?
no, nope, uh uh, nah
what are expressive interjections?
whoops, wow, jeez, aha, ohhw, yippee, phew, yuck, whoosh
what is a preposition?
they give the relationship or position between 2 nouns. They tell you where or when one noun is in relation to the other
what is a conjunction?
link parts of a sentence together
what are co-ordinating conjunctions?
FANBOYS
(for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
what are subordinating conjunctions?
link parts of a sentence but show that one part is less important than the other
eg. than, if, so that, whereas, before, because, even if`
