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Words and Sentences > Word Classes > Flashcards

Word Classes Flashcards

1
Q

Articles

A

the, an, are

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2
Q

Noun

A

Person, place, thing, idea

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3
Q

Verb

A

Action, state of being, state

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4
Q

Semantic Definitions

A

Can be language specific and some categories are not easily defined Eg. could be both/either a noun/adj

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5
Q

Adjective

A

Word that describes the noun

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6
Q

Words with no semantic definition

A

that, of

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7
Q

Open Class

A

Categories to which new words are easily added

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8
Q

Closed Class

A

Categories to which new words are difficult to add

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9
Q

Lexical items

A

Provide semantic context of sentence Eg. nouns, verbs, adj, adv

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10
Q

Functional Items

A

Structural ‘glue’ that links different part of a sentence Eg. determiners, prepositions, complementizers, auxiliaries, modals

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11
Q

Complementizer

A

Introduces a complement clause

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12
Q

Auxiliary

A

Eg. be, do, have, shall, would, can, could, may, might

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13
Q

Modals

A

Verbs that express a possibility Eg. could, might

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14
Q

Infinitive Marker

A

Eg. to play, to go

Negated by ‘not’

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15
Q

Intransitive Verbs

A

Require one argument

Eg. The green lizard /jumped/.

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16
Q

Transitive Verbs

A

Two arguments

Eg. I /baked/ a cake

17
Q

Ditransitive Verbs

A

Three arguments

Eg. Clayton /gave/ the child a flower.

18
Q

Ambitransivity

A

Some languages allow changes amongst these categories without changing the verb form or adding any morphology

19
Q

Noun phrases

A

Typically function as argument of verbs - Their relationship is semantic and syntactic

20
Q

Agent

A

Entity causing an event Eg. /Kitty/ is chasing butterflies

21
Q

Patient

A

Entity acted upon when changing state Eg. John opened /the door/

22
Q

Experiencer

A

Animate entity perceiving stimulus and undergoing a mental process Eg. /Hope/ doesn’t like cake.

23
Q

Theme

A

Entity undergoing location change/location mentioned Eg. The fire alarm forced /Hope/ to leave Towers.

24
Q

Stimulus

A

Object of perception Eg. Suddenly, she heard a piercing /scream/

25
Q

Recipient

A

Animate entity of event that acquires something Eg. Yan gave pads to /Hope/

26
Q

Beneficiary

A

Entity that benefits from event Eg. Hope baked a cake for /Rhiannon/

27
Q

Location

A

Describes spatial reference point Eg. Brixham is in /Torbay/

28
Q

Goal

A

End-point location of an entity Eg. The frog jumps into the /pond/

29
Q

Case

A

Capitalising first word of sentence, proper noun, etc. Indicates grammatical relation

30
Q

Attribute Adjective

A

Directly modify noun and fixed position Eg. Beautiful woman

31
Q

Predicative Adjective

A

Appears outside of the noun phrase Eg. He seems tired

32
Q

Morphosyntactic Marking

A

For adjectives in other languages Eg. -er or ‘more’ in English

Words and Sentences (4 decks)

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