Heads and Dependants

Question 1

Adverbs

Answer 1

Main function = modify verbs

Question 2

Complementary distribution

Answer 2

When two elements cannot co-occur

Question 3

Adjuncts

Answer 3

In relation to subject and object of verbs - optional phrases

Question 4

Adjunct adverb

Answer 4

She sang /beautifully/

Question 5

Adjunct prepositional phrase

Answer 5

I studied French /for many years/

Question 6

Adjunct noun phrase

Answer 6

The shop will open /next week/

Question 7

Adjunct noun phrase

Answer 7

The shop will open /next week/

Question 8

Clause subject

Answer 8

[That I did not win the prize] is annoying

Question 9

Prepositions

Answer 9

Class of words combined with noun phrase, offer temporal and locational info, come before noun

Question 10

Preposition in other lang

Answer 10

In Japanese, they have postpositions- come after the noun

Question 11

Postposition English

Answer 11

Ago

Question 12

Dependent

Answer 12

Required to show agreement with their head

Question 13

Head

Answer 13

Key argument that determines the nature of the phrase - In noun phrase it is the noun, in adj phrase, it is the adj

Question 14

Dependant marking

Answer 14

Mark the head or dependant to indicate the relation between the two

Question 15

Dependant marking example

Answer 15

Yeri’s house

Yeri = Dependant
House = Noun
's = Dependant marking with possessive 's