Women's Health Flashcards
MC cause of postpatrum hemorrhage?
Uterine atony
Postpartum hemorrhage volume?
> 500mL
Tx for bacterial vaginosis?
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
pH of Candidiasis discharge?
<4.5
Causitive organism of mastitis?
S Aureus
White, sharply demarcated lesion of the cervix after acetic acid applied?
Cervical dysplasia
Gestational HTN at how many weeks of preggers?
≥20
BP for gestational HTN?
≥140, ≥90, ≥20 weeks
Clue cells in which condition?
BV
Fishy odor which condition?
BV
Which organism on wet mount from vag swab?
Trich
Green d/c which condition?
Trich
Ovarian enlargement MC caused by what?
Functional ovarian cysts
Functional ovarian cyst causes what 2 symptoms?
- Irregular menses
2. Unilateral pelvic/abdominal pain
Metroclopromide antiemetic which preggers category?
B
How to help prevent lactational mastitis?
Lubricating ointment for excoriations and cracking
Ovarian torsion most common on which side?
Right side
Test for ovarian torsion?
Pelvic U/S
Tx for PMS?
SSRI
Uterine fibroid aka
Leiomyoma
MC solid pelvic tumor in womens?
Leiomyoma (uterine fibroid)
Leiomoyoma most common in who?
AA women of childbearing age
How to remove leiomyoma and retain fertility?
Myomectomy
Third trimester painless bleeding most commonly due to?
Placenta previa
Dx for placenta previa?
U/S
Yellow Gram negative diplococci?
gonorroeae
Tx for gonorreae
IM Certriaxone 250mg + PO Azithromycin 1g PO once
or
IM Ceftriaxone 250mg + PO Doxycycline 100mg BID x7
Painful third trimester vaginal bleeding?
Placental abruption
MC cause of anovulatory infertility?
PCOS
First-line tx for PCOS in women who want to conceive?
Weight reduction
Androgen excess, insulin resistance, gonadotropin abnormalities?
PCOS
Tx of hirsutism in PCOS?
Spironolactone
MC reported STD?
Chlamydia trachomatis
Dx for Chlamydia trachomatis?
NAAT
Tx for Chlamydia trachomatis?
1g Azithromycin PO once
What can follow after PID, gonorrheae, and clamydia?
Tubo-ovarian abscess
Unilateral adnexal tenderness or unilateral mass with fever and chills and vaginal d/c?
Tubo-ovarian abscess
Dx for Tubo-ovarian abscess?
U/S
Tubo-ovarian abscess most commonly caused by what other condition?
PID
Tx of Tubo-ovarian abscess?
IV abx, I and D
Anterior shoulder impacted behind the pubic symphysis called…?
Shoulder dystocia
Which maneuver for shoulder dystocia?
McRoberts maneuver
Tx for post-menopausal vaginal atrophy
Vaginal ring with 2mg estradiol
Atrophic vaginitis due to loss of what?
Estrogen
What does vaginal epithelium look like in Atrophic Vaginitis?
pale, dry, shiny
Tx for ectopic preggers?
Methotrexate or surgery
Sx of Chlamydia trachomatis?
Most ASx
Biggest risk factor in endometritis?
C section
When does endometritis develop?
2-3 days postpartum
Tx for endometritis
IV Clindamycin + Gentamycin
When are decelerations in uteroplacental insufficinecy?
Late decelerations
Test for uterine bleeding?
Hysteroscopy
MC cause of abnormal uterine bleeding?
Hormonal replacement therapy
Tx for abnormal uterine bleeding?
Combo OCPs
Cause of gynecomastia?
Estrogen>Testosterone
MC cell type in ovarian cancer?
Epithelial
FSH levels in menopausal women?
Elevated!
Define inevitable abortion
vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks with open internal os
Ovarian cancer serum finding?
Elevated CA-125
Non-cancerous breast lumps, tenderness, peaking before menstruation?
Fibrocystic breast disease
Painless, mobile, slow growing breast lump?
Fibroadenoma
Most common tumor in adolescent women?
Fibroadenoma
Most common postmenopausal cancer?
Vulvar cancer
Incomplete abortion?
Bleeding within 20 weeks, Os open, some retained products
What happens in rectocele?
Posterior vaginal wall defect with rectum anterior displaced
Rectocele is defect of what?
Rectovaginal septum
Major complication of rectocele surgical repair?
Dyspareunia
Is nulliparity a risk for developing breast cancer?
Yes it is
Most common site for breast cancer to occur?
Upper outer quadrant
Dyxocycline category in preggers?
D
Define Menorrhagia
Heavy/prolonged/excessive bleeding >80mL
or
Menstruation lasting more than 7 days
Define Metrorrhagia
Uterine bleeding at Irregular cycles/intervals
Define Menometrorrhagia
Irregular cycles with excessive flow and duration
Define Olgiomenorrhea
cycle length >35 days
Define Polymenorrhea
Cycle length <21 days
Define Amenorrhea
No menses for 6 months
Chandelier sign aka
cervical motion tenderness
IV abx for tubo-ovarian abscess
Cefoxitin, doxycycline, metronidazole
Protein/creatinine ratio in pre-eclampsia?
> 0.3
Tx for mastitis?
Dicloaxacillin
Strawberry cervix?
Trichomoniasis
pH> 5, flagellated, motile pear shaped?
Trichmoniasis
Tx for trichomoniasis
Metronidazole
Dx for endometriosis?
Laparoscopy
Tx options for endometriosis?
GnRH agonists, Progesterone, oral contraceptives, NSAIDs
At how many weeks does the uterine fundus become an intraabdominal organ?
12 weeks gestation
At how many weeks does the uterine fundus reach the umbilicus?
20 weeks gestation
Cigarettes and placenta?
Abruption
Cigarettes and breast milk voume?
Decreased
Mullerian dysgenesis and utereus/vagina?
No utereus and no upper 2/3 vagina
Barthloand glands at which O’clock?
4 and 8 o’clocks
2 most common SEs of hormonal contraception?
- Amennorhea
2. BTB
First-line for birth control?
Long-acting reversible contraceptive agent like IUD
What do some antiepileptic drugs due to estrogen-containing contraceptives?
Incude metabolism and cause them to fail
2 contraceptive options for epilepsy patient?
- Styla/Mirena (levonorgestrel)
2. Copper IUD
Tx for breast invasive ductal carcinoma?
lumpectomy, sentinel node biopsy, radiation
Preferred outpatient tx for preggers HTN?
Methyldopa
Outpatient tx for PID?
Ceftriaxone 250mg IM
Doxycycline 100mg BID x14d
pH of amniotic fluid?
≥6.5
What will amniotic fluid do to nitrizine paper?
Turn blue
3 most common areas of endometriosis?
- Pelvis
- Ovaries
- Cul-de-sacs
Definitive dx of endometriosis done by what?
Laparoscopy
Define endometriosis
Abnormal growth of endometrium outside the utereus
3 most common signs of endometriosis?
- Dysmenrrhea (painful menses)
- Dyspareunia (painful sex)
- Dyschezia (Pelvic pain)
Vulvar or vaginal itching MC due to which condition?
Volvovaginal candidiasis
Tx for vulvovaginal candidasis?
Fluconazole 150mg PO x1
BV’s bacterial morphology?
Gram negative rods
BV odor?
Fishy smell
Strawberry cervix MC with what?
Trich
Multiple punctuate hemorragic cervical lesions?
Trich
MC symptom of endometrial cancer?
abnormal vaginal bleeding
Tx for mental symtpoms of PMS?
SSRIs
Weeks gestation Rh immunoglobulin Rhogam administered?
28 weeks
Why is Rh immunoglobulin Rhogam administered?
Rh negative mother, Rh positive father so prevent miscarriage
Rhogam needed every preggers?
Yup
How many weeks first hear fetal heart rate?
12 weeks
Estrogen and menopause?
Decreased
FSH and menopause?
Increased!
Term for menopause before age 40?
Premature ovarian failure
Tx for chancroid?
Ceftriaxone 250mg
or
Azithromycin 1g
Decrease in which hormone causes the sx of menopause?
Estradiol
Contraception if have migraine?
Progesterone-only (no estrogen!)
Week when Preterm Premature Ruputure of Membrane?
before 37 weeks
Gestational diabetes is when?
BGL 130 one hour after 50g glucose load
Tx for chorioamnionitis?
Amp + Gent
MC cause of bleeding in older, obese women?
Endometrial Hyperplasia
What do tocolytics do?
Relax uterus to delay labor
How long to tocolytics last for?
48 hours
Tocolytics won’t work once cervix is dilated how much?
> 3cm
Which hormone is high in PCOS and causes the androgen effects?
LH
PCOS caused by what?
Insulin resistance
