WOMEN & CULTURE & CHURCH & CHILDREN & EDUCATION Flashcards
(50 cards)
how did divorce change?
made more attainable
how did abortion change?
was permitted
how were women’s rights made more equal?
1-women introduced into the party (Alexandra kollontai)
2-free women from housework
3- encouraging women to play a part in the revolution
what was established to help equal rights?
1- communal dining halls
2- communal laundries
3- communal nurseries
4- zhenotdel established in 1919
5-women in the work place
6-marriage frowned upon
by 1920’s
divorce rate was highest in russia in all of Europe
what did the bolshevik family code introduced?
it made divorce easier - women encouraged to disobey their husbands
how was women in the work place encouraged?
1- creche encouraged
2- women work during civil war
3- equal pay
4- equal employment
5- article 22+64 allowing women to have equal status as men
how was women in the bolshevik party encouraged?
1- women in the soviet elite party
2- party sections set up to encourage women to be more confident/independent
3- article 64 - highlighted the rights for women
how was more equality of the sexes encouraged?
1- lenin was firstly interested in women’s rights
2- zienotdel established 1919
3- one of the bolshevik’s first goals
4- article 22
5- Marx and eggels viewed women as oppressed
why did the bolsheviks attack the church?
opposing ideology- church needed to be destroyed in order for there to be one straightforward ideology
how much of the population did the Russian Orthodox Church represent?
2/3
how did the bolsheviks attack the church?
1- in 1917 church lands were nationalised and the church lost control of its schools
2- jan 1918, decree on freedom of conscience and on church and religious associations separated church from state and lost its status
3- lands confiscated without permission
4- religious education on under 18’s was banned
5- many churches were destroyed/converted, monasteries were closed
6- 1918 the tikhon was arrested after denouncing the bolsheviks
7- bolsheviks campaigned against the church
8- 1921 the union of militant godless launched, took peasants up into planes to show there was no god in the sky
9- communism promoted as the new religion
10-
by 1920’s
still 55% were still active christians
why did the bolsheviks only attack christianity?
they believed islam and muslim to be too powerful
lenin slogan
‘the proletariat has nothing to loose but its chains’
what was tatlin’s tower?
- 1919
- headquarters for international in st Petersburg
- vladimir tatlin
by 1922
Moscow had the most powerful broadcasting station in the world
how was the cinema used?
used to promote political messages
what did Lenin say about literacy?
‘literacy is the road to communim’
why was propaganda for peasants more difficult?
they were resistant to new ideas through literacy as they were unable to read
1917
the first bolshevik decree on education - wanted universal literacy
dec 1919
THE LIQUIDATION OF ILLITERACY
decree on illiteracy
8-50 year olds had to read and write
July 1920
the Cheka arrest refusers
how many party leaders were teachers?
more than 100,000
