Women Flashcards
- the most famous woman in French history
JEANNE D’ARC
she is put on trial by the English in Rouen (Normandy) and is found guily of heresy and burned at the stake
JEANNE D’ARC
Year in which the English lose France and the 100 Years War
1453
Years of the 100 years of war
1133–1453 ) involving the English and the French (and secondarily, the Burgundians)
Where was Joan of Arc born
Lorraine in 1412
Who captured Joan of Arc
Burgundians and sold to the English
Decides not to remarry and devote herself to writing
- Poetry: le Livre des cent ballades (1399)
- Literary criticism: Dit de la rose (1402)
- Feminism: La Cité des dames (1405)
-an allegorical city of ladies
-famous women serve as building blocks
-women are thoroughly capable of intellectual and social contribution
- Women’s education: le Trésor de la cité des dames (1405)
- education for women of all estates
- Praise of women: Ditié de Jeanne d’Arc (1429)
CHRISTINE DE PIZAN
-organized a weekly salon with women playing the leading role
- fostering refinement of langage and literature
- mocked by Molière in Les Précieuses
Mme de Rambouillet
- incredibly prolific novelist
- her novels (Clélie, Artamène) are the longest in French history each running over 10,000 pages
- take place in antique settings but involve disguised contemporary figures
- involve detailed conversations on emotions and other aspects of psychology
Mlle de Scudéry
MEN TAMERSTHE PRECIEUSES
Mme de Rambouillet (1588-1665)
-Mlle de Scudéry(167-1701):
Who invited CARTE DE TENDRE
Mlle de Scudéry in her novel, Clélie:
The land of Tender
MEN TAMERSTHE SALONNIERES
- 18th century Enlightenment
- salons run by women: Mme de Tencin, Mme du Deffand, Mlle de Lespinasse…
- weekly meetings in a private home (with or without meal)
- 20-30 writers, artists and men of power, important foreign visitors, for conversation and reading
Who was ELISABETH VIGEE LE BRUN
Arguably the greatest French woman painter
1755-1842
Friend and portraitist of Marie-Antoinette
Examples:
Self-portrait painting!
Self-portrait with daughter
Who was LOUISE MICHEL
A revolutionary and active fighter during the Commune
Author of La Misère
LOUISE MICHEL
founds the anarchist journal: Le Libertaire
LOUISE MICHEL
Who was MARIE CURIE
A SCIENTIST
Nobel Prize in Physics 1903:
- Research on radiation (with her husband Pierre Curie)
- first female professor at the Sorbonne (1906)
- Traité de radioactivité (1910)
- now a widow, she is demonized because of a love affair with a married man (1911)
- Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1913)
- Research on the elements, polonium and radium
Where was Coco Chanel first store
Deauville in 1910
Year of Chanel’s Paris store
1921
Year in which Coco Chanel reopens her French business
1954
Who wasSIMONE DE BEAUVOIR
FEMINIST
prolific writer
-essayist:
Le Deuxième sexe (1948) (1000 pages): One isn’t bor a woman, one becomes a woman»
La Vieillesse (1970)
-novelist:
Les Mandarins (1954): novel about left bank Paris in the 50s
- memoirs:
In multiple volumes (3000 pages)
Wrote 1937 La Condition ouvrière
SIMONE WEIL
Who was SIMONE WEIL
Philosopher
- L’Enracinement (Rootedness) of Simone Weil
- her political testament
- SW puts obligations (duties) before rights
- presents 14 spiritual needs of mankind
- denounces the three forms (bad) uprooting: of workers, of peasants and of citizens
- so need to re-root (enraciner) mankind (role of literature and the arts)
La Pesanteur et la Grâce (Gravity and Grace) of Simone Weil
- her spiritual testament
- thoughts from notebooks organized by Gustave Thibon
- the thoughts are short and remarkable – in this book she comes across a feminine and Christian mirror image of Nietzsche (and her life shows her concern for the «under-person» not the «Ubermensch!!!)
-Affliction(malheur) is the feeling of suffering created by experiences like war, and affliction can drive us out of ourselves and toward God - Beauty is the proof that the world points to something beyond itself, the divine reality
Year of the first feminist daily
1897
Year for legal economic autonomy (salary)
1907
Year of right to vote
1944
Year of contraceptive pill, legal and reimbursed
1967
Year of Mouvement de Libération de Femmes
1970
Year for the right of abortion
1975
Year for obligation of mixed schools
1976
Year of : law of professional equality
1983
Year of first female Prime Minister (Edith Cresson)
1991
first female Prime Minister
Edith Cresson
Year of political parity: parties must present equal numbers of female and male candidates (or pay a fine)
2000
Year of law against sexual harassment
2006
