WOI- Washington And The Battles Flashcards
Eliphalet Dyer comment on why congress chose Washington
To keep up the union and more strongly Cement the southern and northern colonies-
He was a Southerner which would dilute the feeling that the army was dominated by New England
General Howes favour of policy
Conciliation over coercion
Theory of Howes efforts
If he fought with more determination perhaps Britain would’ve won the war
Who were the leaders of the Conway cabal
General Thomas Conway and Horatio Gates
What was the Conway cabal
And attempt to overthrow Washington as general of the Continental Army and to discredit him in the eyes of Congress and the public
Results of the Conway cabal
Congress ordered Washington to hold a council which gates had to attend establishing his authority
Significance of the Conway cabal
Lack of unity
New York/ Manhattan aug-dec 1776- how man troops did Howe have compared to Washington
Howe 32,000 Washington 20,000
New York/ Manhattan aug-dec 1776- battle of Long Island
Aug 27th
American casualties 6 times as many as Britain’s
However Howes inertia allowed Washington to withdraw his army
New York/ Manhattan aug-dec 1776- kips bay
September- Howes troops landed between two halves of Washington’s army- his caution gave Washington time to withdraw
New York/ Manhattan aug-dec 1776- Washington’s army by late December
Only 3000 men- Howe launched a free and general pardon
New York/ Manhattan aug-dec 1776- summary
Before November Washington was winning by being undefeated
After November British tactics caused the American army to fall apart, however by offering the pardon Howe lost an opportunity to defeat
Trenton December 26th- what opportunity did Howe throw away to destroy American morale
Instead of marching to Philadelphia for his taking Howe went to winter quarters
Gave Washington time to regroup
Trenton December 26th- what did Washington do on December 25th
Recrosses the Delaware with 1600 men
Trenton December 26th- what does Washington do
Capture more than 1000 prisoners- American casualties only 4
Princeton 3rd January 1777- what is Howe forced to do
Relinquish most of his gains in New Jersey while Washington rebuilt his army
Philadelphia- July to October 1777: instead of March across New Jersey what did Howe do?
Move 15,000 men by sea after 6 weeks they were barely 40 miles closer- soldiers are sick
Philadelphia- July to October 1777: Howes capture
Capture of philly 26th sep
Congress simply moved- there is no strategic value
Philadelphia- July to October 1777: November
Howe forced Americans to evacuate forts on Delaware river which has a symbolic importance of bravery and victory
Burgoyne’s campaign June 1777: how does he get bogged down in the terrain
Rather than sailing down lake George and following a road cut to fort Edward him and his 9000 strong army headed through inhospitable terrain
Burgoyne’s campaign June 1777: what did the patriot militia do?
Blocked roads and destroyed bridges- took 3 weeks to go 23 miles to fort Edward
What did Iroquois warriors do?
Killed families for the british which turned neutralists into rebels
