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vtt 112 - diagnostic imaging > wks 4-5 > Flashcards

wks 4-5 Flashcards

1
Q

what type of animal do you choose to develop a technique chart?

A

average size

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2
Q

how many test x-rays do you take?

A

3

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3
Q

what is the area of the body x-rayed?

A

abdomen

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4
Q

where is the measurement of that body part taken?

A

12th rib/thickest part

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5
Q

what is the field of view for that body part (abdomen)?

A

xiphoid process to coxofemoral joint

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6
Q

if 12 cm were measured what would the KVp be for the test radiographs if the factor is 37?

A

12 x 2 = 24
24 + 37 = 61
answer: 61 KVp

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7
Q

after choosing an x-ray with good technique what are the rules for adjusting the KVp as the cm change?

A

0-80 KVp: +- 2
80-100 KVp: +- 3
>100 KVp: +- 4

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8
Q

if you have reached the KVp limit on your machine what rules of you use to adjust you technique?

A

decrease KVp by 16% and double the mAs

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9
Q

a radiograph of an abdomen should have what scale contrast?

A

long; more gray

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10
Q

a radiograph of a skull should have what scale contrast?

A

short; black and white

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11
Q

the base mAs setting is used for radiographs taken of a patient’s what?

A

abdomen

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12
Q

when taking a radiograph of the thorax, you should use an mAs setting that is ____ than one of an abdomen

A

lower (by 1/2)

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13
Q

when taking a radiograph of the pelvis, you should use an mAs setting that is _____ than one of an abdomen

A

higher (x2)

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14
Q

the mAs mainly controls the ____ on a film

A

density

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15
Q

the KVp mainly controls the ____ on a film

A

contrast

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16
Q

the lateral thorax radiograph should have ____ letters placed in the ____

A

left or right; collimation light (whatever side is down)

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17
Q

the VD thorax radiograph should have ____ letters placed in the _____

A

VD; left/right side of animals (directional terms for beam entering and exiting)

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18
Q

extremity views are often taken table top due to their

A

lower density (not going through grid or table)

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19
Q

thorax

A

1/2 base

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20
Q

skull

A

x2 base

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21
Q

spine

A

x2 base

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22
Q

extremity

A

base/5

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23
Q

cat/puppy

A

1/2 base

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24
Q

obese thorax

A

base

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25
Q

name of the pattern created by the sensitized silver halide crystals

A

latent image

26
Q

lead gloves, aprons, etc. are designed to protect handlers from

A

scatter radiation

27
Q

the thicker the tissue, the ____ the KVp setting will be

A

more

28
Q

a radiograph which has been exposed to light and then developed and fixed will be?

A

black

29
Q

in order to use a grid when making an exposure the cassette would have to be placed

A

in the buckey

30
Q

the amount of KVp needed to make an exposure is determined by the

A

thickness of the part

31
Q

pertinent info about the patient and the date of the x-rays should be imprinted on the film…

A

in the darkroom

32
Q

a film taken directly out of the film bin in the dark room and then developed and fixed will be?

A

clear (hasn’t been exposed yet, no crystals sensitized)

33
Q

difference in density of adjacent tissues is called

A

contrast

34
Q

amount of blackness on a film is termed

A

density

35
Q

a lateral view of the abdomen should have ___ markers places in the beam

A

left or right

36
Q

an x-ray film is composed of 2 layers of ___ on both sides of a polyester sheet

A

silver halide emulsion

37
Q

instrument used to measure the part being radiographed

A

calipers

38
Q

the developer solution changes sensitized silver halide crystals to

A

black metallic silver

39
Q

when taking radiographs of a particular area the technician should use anatomical landmarks to help determine the correct

A

positioning (field of view)

40
Q

radiographic positions are described by the ____ the beam travels through the body

A

direction

41
Q

radiographic positions are also described by the surface of the body that is ____ the film

A

closest to

42
Q

list 6 indications for taking dental radiographs

A

periodontal disease
missing or broken teeth
resorptive lesions
oral tumors
gingival inflammation
malformed or discolored teeth

43
Q

T/F dental x-ray units are exactly the same as all other units

A

F

44
Q

T/F FFD is the same for dental rads as abdominal rads

A

F

45
Q

purpose of a bisecting angle

A

to avoid elongation or foreshortening of the radiographic image (reduce distortion)

46
Q

two pieces of information needed to get a bisecting angle

A
  • the plane of the film
  • the plane of the long axis of the tooth
47
Q

T/F parallel angle and bisecting angle are basically the same thing

A

F

48
Q

if the bisecting angle is not correct ___ or ___ can occur resulting in distortion of the tooth root

A

elongation; foreshortening

49
Q

T/F it is most important to make sure that the crown of the tooth shows up on the x-ray

A

F

50
Q

who is responsible for the safety of the employees

A

owner of the practice

51
Q

the main goals of the practice

A

– Gather as much information as possible
– Use minimum number of exposures
– Limit the level of radiation to as low as reasonably attainable

52
Q

rad

A

unit of absorbed dose for any ionizing radiation

53
Q

REM

A

unit of dose equivalent which has been correlated to living tissue

54
Q

Dosimetry (film) badges

A

read in mREM which is 1/1000 of a REM

55
Q

Early / Acute Exposure Effects

A

When the entire body is exposed to large amounts of radiation, many organ changes take place

56
Q

Late / Chronic Exposure Effects

A
  • fetal abnormalities
  • susceptibility to disease or infection
  • risk on cancers
  • risk of cataracts
  • risk of aplastic anemia
57
Q

pregnant women

A

should be excluded from radiographic procedures - if this is not feasible, two aprons and two film badges should be worn, one at the collar and one at belt level

58
Q

risk of the fetus is greatest when

A

during the first trimester of pregnancy when the fetal cells are dividing rapidly

59
Q

base mAs

A

can be multiplied by 2, divided by 2, and divided 5 - must equal number on mAs table

60
Q

mAs rules chart again

A

skull, spine, pelvis: x2 base
normal thorax: 1/2 base
obese dog thorax or fluid: base
cats and puppies: 1/2 base
extremities: 1/5 base

60
Q

if the beam is perpendicular to the film

A

the image is foreshortened

61
Q

if the beam is perpendicular to the tooth

A

the image is elongated

vtt 112 - diagnostic imaging (9 decks)

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