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vtt 112 - diagnostic imaging > wk 9-11 > Flashcards

wk 9-11 Flashcards

1
Q

when taking a cranial/caudal view of an extremity, you would place the marker where

A

lateral aspect of leg

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2
Q

what conversion would you make to the mAs when taking a radiograph of an extremity

A

base/5

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3
Q

what conversion would you make to the mAs when taking a radiograph of a skull

A

base x2

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4
Q

where do you measure for a DV view of a skull

A

top of head to bottom of mandible

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5
Q

where do you measure for a lateral view of a skull

A

across head at ears (not including the pinna)

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6
Q

the FOV for a radiograph of a suspected fractured radius and ulna

A

elbow to carpus

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7
Q

the FOV for a radiograph of a suspected fractured humerus

A

shoulder to elbow

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8
Q

the FOV for a radiograph of a suspected fractured tibia

A

knee to tarsus

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9
Q

FOV for the radiograph of a skull

A

tip of nose to atlas

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10
Q

how should the beam be centered on the bone being radiographed

A

midway or point of interest

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11
Q

the correct FOV for a VD x-ray of the pelvis

A

wing of ilium to caudal border of ischium (half of femur)

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12
Q

correct FOV for an OFA view of the pelvis

A

wing of ilium to patellas

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13
Q

scale contrast for pelvis

A

short

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14
Q

what view is required by the OFA

A

VD only

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15
Q

what are the age requirements set by the OFA

A

at least 24 months

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16
Q

if the patient was under measured for an x-ray of the pelvis, what will the final radiograph look like

A

too light

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17
Q

the proper area to measure an animal for a lateral pelvis

A

across the coxofemoral joints

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18
Q

grid cut off is caused by what error in setting up for the x-ray

A

Bucky tray not lined up

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19
Q

a radiograph which was developed for too long will be affected how

A

too dark

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20
Q

subluxation

A

partial dislocation

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21
Q

one breed of dog which commonly has hip dysplasia

A

taller, larger breeds; great dane

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22
Q

where do you center for a routine VD view of the pelvis

A

coxofemoral joints

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23
Q

where do you center for a routine lateral view of a pelvis

A

stifle; lower coxofemoral joints

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24
Q

a radiograph which has been exposed to light and then developed and fixed will be

A

black

25
Q

when using a grid,

A

more x-ray is necessary than table top

26
Q

the difference in density of adjacent tissues

A

contrast

27
Q

term used to describe the organs or bones visualized on an xray

A

opacity

28
Q

measurements for a whole cat views are taken at

A

last rib

29
Q

the abdominal mAs is adjusted how for a whole cat view

A

1/2 base

30
Q

if the scale of contrast is too long on our whole cat final x-ray how can it be fixed

A

turn down KVp

31
Q

under measurement of the cat will result in a final x-ray that is

A

light

32
Q

not centering the x-ray beam to the table and then taking an x-ray using the Bucky will result in

A

grid cut off

33
Q

two reasons the x-ray developed clear

A
  1. no exposure so nothing sensitized and all washed off
  2. fixer first before developer
34
Q

FOV for whole cat radiograph

A

thoracic inlet to coxofemoral joints

35
Q

T/F ultrasound uses radiation much like x-rays

A

F; uses soundwaves

36
Q

CT stands for

A

computed technology

37
Q

CT uses what type of x-ray tube

A

rotating

38
Q

CT has more or less shades of gray than regular x-rays

A

more

39
Q

3 benefits of ultrasound

A
  • portable
  • measures cysts, masses, etc
  • better at diagnosing discrete abnormalities that would be missed on x-ray
40
Q

what is responsible for sending and receiving sound waves used to create an image

A

transducer; ultrasound probe

41
Q

T/F ultrasound is better at diagnosing discrete abnormalities that x-ray

A

T

42
Q

why is fur clipped before performing an ultrasound? what else to prep skin?

A

to have probe in direct contact with the skin; clean area with alcohol and apply coupling gel

43
Q

nuclear medicine is used mostly for

A

localizing pathology or results of trauma in horses

44
Q

for a nuclear scan, areas of inflammation show more or less activity

A

more

45
Q

MRI stands for

A

magnetic resonance imaging

46
Q

MRI visualizes ___ type of tissues when CT is better for viewing ___

A

soft; bone

47
Q

MRI is a process involving ___ and ___ properties of cells

A

radio waves and hydrogen nuclei

48
Q

T/F a contrast study alone should be used to make a diagnosis

A

F

49
Q

what information can be obtained from a contrast study

A
  • function of an organ
  • information about smooth mucosa surfaces of certain organs
  • size and shape of certain organs
  • motility of an area
50
Q

radiolucent

A

negative media/dark

51
Q

radiopaque

A

postive media/light

52
Q

survey radiograph

A

general radiographs taken before the contrast media is introduced; baseline radiograph

53
Q

2 ways to ensure the GI tract is empty before doing a GI study

A

fasting and enema (material directly into colon through rectum to defecate)

54
Q

what does dark blood in vomit or stool indicate

A

digested blood

55
Q

T/F when doing an upper GI study only one radiograph is needed

A

F; series of studies to examine the digestive process

56
Q

when is injecting media into an organ contraindicated

A

if suspected rupture; inject air instead (negative media)

57
Q

not centering the x-ray beam to the table and then taking an x-ray using the Bucky will result in

A

grid cut off

58
Q

2 reasons that the x-ray you have just developed is clear

A
  1. no exposure
  2. fixer before developer solution

vtt 112 - diagnostic imaging (9 decks)

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