Wk3: Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Surface anatomy: Where is the base and apex of the heart found?
Base = second intercostal space, found on the posterior surface
Apex = 5th intercostal space, at the midclavicular line
Where is the heart located in terms of the mediastinum?
The heart lies between the right lungs, and is found in the middle mediastinum
What is the orientation of the heart?
The heart has a conical shape, that sits obliquely in the thoracic cavity
- It’s base sits upwards and faces backwards posteriorly
- The heart sits on the diaphram inferiorly (this is the diaphragmatic surface of the heart)
What are the 3 surfaces of the heart?
The sternocostal surface (anterior), the diaphragmatic surface (inferior) and the posterior surface (base)
What does the right atrium and right ventricle do? And what valves are involved?
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava - pumps the blood through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle
- The RV pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary value to the pulmonary artery
What does the left atrium and left ventricle do? And what valves are involved?
The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs from the pulmonary veins - pumps it through the mitral valve to the left ventricle
- The LV pumps the oxygenated blood through the aortic valve, to the aorta to be delivered to the rest of the body
What are the 3 branches for the arch of the aorta?
- Brachiocephalic artery (divides into the right common coratid artery and the right subclavian artery)
- Left common coratid artery
- Left subclavian artery
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
The endocardium, myocardium and epicardium
Where does the subclavian and common coratid arteries supply blood in the body?
Subclavian - supplying blood to the upper limb region
Coratid arteries - supplying blood to the head and neck region
