WK1: Articular System 2

Question 1

What is the function of the menisci?

Answer 1

Disperses the weight of the body, increases stability during the femoral tibial articulation and provide shock absorption

Question 2

Which joint in the shoulder connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton?

Answer 2

Sternoclavicular joint

Question 3

What are the 2 articulations found in the elbow joint?

Answer 3

1. Articulation between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus.
2. Articulation between the trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus.

Question 4

What are the 3 radioulnar joints and what movement do they allow?

Answer 4

Proximal, middle and distal. Allows for supination and pronation.

Question 5

What type of synovial joint is the radiocarpal (wrist) joint, and what movement does it allow?

Answer 5

Condyloid joint.

Allows for flexion, extension, supination, pronation, adduction, abduction and circumduction.

Question 6

What are the synovial joints that make up the knee joint? And what movements does it allow?

Answer 6

Synovial gliding joint and modified hinge joint.

Allows for flexion, extension and some rotational movements.

Question 7

What are the cruciate ligaments that support the knee?

Answer 7

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

Question 8

How does the ACL and PCL support the knee?

Answer 8

ACL prevents the forward displacement of the tibia relative to the femur
PCL prevents the backwards displacement of the tibia relative to the femur

Question 9

Why is there many bursae in the knee?

Answer 9

There are many tendons that are in the vicinity of the knee, so it helps reduce the friction between them and the bones

Question 10

Where is the suprapatellar bursa found?

Answer 10

It is found between the articular surfaces of the femur and the tendon of the quadriceps femoris

Question 11

What are the 3 articulations in the leg? (between the tibula and fibula)

Answer 11

Proximal, middle and distal

Question 12

What type of synovial joint is the ankle joint? And what movement does it allow?

Answer 12

Hinge joint.

Allows for plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

Question 13

To form the glenohumeral joint (shoulder) what does the head of the humerus head articulate with?

Answer 13

Glenoid fossa

Question 14

Why is the glenoid fossa/socket very shallow?

Answer 14

It allows for a greater range of movement, however this is compromised for less stability in the shoulder joint.

Question 15

What is the function of the glenoid labrum in the glenoid fossa?

Answer 15

Limits excessive motion of the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa, and holds the humerus securely to the glenoid promoting stability.

Question 16

What is the synovial membrane in the shoulder joint for?

Answer 16

It lines the inner surface of the joint capsule, that produces a synovial fluid essential for reducing friction between the articulating surfaces of the joints.

Question 17

Where is the long head of biceps bracchii located and how is it a protective structure for the shoulder joint?

Answer 17

It is attached superiorly at the top of the glenoid fossa, it functions as a stabilizer for the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa.

Question 18

What is the protective function of the coracoacromial arch in the shoulder joint?

Answer 18

Prevents superior displacement of the humeral head during movement

Question 19

What is the function of bursa?

Answer 19

To reduce the friction that is caused by muscles and tendons moving between skin and bones.

Question 20

What is the function of the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 20

It holds the humeral head tightly in the glenoid socket as you rotate the arm.

Question 21

What is the function of the sub acromial bursa?

Answer 21

It is located below the acromion and functions to reduce the friction between the supraspinatus muscle and the acromion.

Question 22

What does the supraspinatus muscle aid with in the shoulder joint?

Answer 22

It assists with the abduction of the arm and the stabilisation of the humerus in the glenoid socket during movements