WK1: Articular System 2 Flashcards
What is the function of the menisci?
Disperses the weight of the body, increases stability during the femoral tibial articulation and provide shock absorption
Which joint in the shoulder connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton?
Sternoclavicular joint
What are the 2 articulations found in the elbow joint?
- Articulation between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus.
- Articulation between the trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus.
What are the 3 radioulnar joints and what movement do they allow?
Proximal, middle and distal. Allows for supination and pronation.
What type of synovial joint is the radiocarpal (wrist) joint, and what movement does it allow?
Condyloid joint.
Allows for flexion, extension, supination, pronation, adduction, abduction and circumduction.
What are the synovial joints that make up the knee joint? And what movements does it allow?
Synovial gliding joint and modified hinge joint.
Allows for flexion, extension and some rotational movements.
What are the cruciate ligaments that support the knee?
Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
How does the ACL and PCL support the knee?
ACL prevents the forward displacement of the tibia relative to the femur
PCL prevents the backwards displacement of the tibia relative to the femur
Why is there many bursae in the knee?
There are many tendons that are in the vicinity of the knee, so it helps reduce the friction between them and the bones
Where is the suprapatellar bursa found?
It is found between the articular surfaces of the femur and the tendon of the quadriceps femoris
What are the 3 articulations in the leg? (between the tibula and fibula)
Proximal, middle and distal
What type of synovial joint is the ankle joint? And what movement does it allow?
Hinge joint.
Allows for plantarflexion and dorsiflexion
To form the glenohumeral joint (shoulder) what does the head of the humerus head articulate with?
Glenoid fossa
Why is the glenoid fossa/socket very shallow?
It allows for a greater range of movement, however this is compromised for less stability in the shoulder joint.
What is the function of the glenoid labrum in the glenoid fossa?
Limits excessive motion of the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa, and holds the humerus securely to the glenoid promoting stability.
What is the synovial membrane in the shoulder joint for?
It lines the inner surface of the joint capsule, that produces a synovial fluid essential for reducing friction between the articulating surfaces of the joints.
Where is the long head of biceps bracchii located and how is it a protective structure for the shoulder joint?
It is attached superiorly at the top of the glenoid fossa, it functions as a stabilizer for the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa.
What is the protective function of the coracoacromial arch in the shoulder joint?
Prevents superior displacement of the humeral head during movement
What is the function of bursa?
To reduce the friction that is caused by muscles and tendons moving between skin and bones.
What is the function of the rotator cuff muscles?
It holds the humeral head tightly in the glenoid socket as you rotate the arm.
What is the function of the sub acromial bursa?
It is located below the acromion and functions to reduce the friction between the supraspinatus muscle and the acromion.
What does the supraspinatus muscle aid with in the shoulder joint?
It assists with the abduction of the arm and the stabilisation of the humerus in the glenoid socket during movements
