Wk3

Question 1

Tranquilizer

Answer 1

Drug that induces a state of calm.

Aware of surroundings but unconcerned

Question 2

Sedative

Answer 2

Drug that induces CNS depression and drowsiness

unaware of surroundings, can be aroused by noxious stimulus

Question 3

Phenothiazines

Answer 3

Not controlled
sedation 
anti-emetic, anti-arrhythmic, antihistamine
Penile prolapse in horses
No analgesia

Question 4

Neuroleptanalgesia

Answer 4

A state of profound sedation and analgesia induced by the simultaneous administration of an opioid and a tranquilizer.

Question 5

Ketamine Concentration

Answer 5

100mg/ml

Question 6

Drugs that combine with Ketamine

Answer 6

Diazepam (equal volume not mg)
Xylazine (okay for cats, Great for Horses)
Acepromazine

Question 7

Phenothiazine Drugs

Answer 7

Acepromazine

Chlorpromazine (large animal anti-emetic)

Question 8

Phenothiazine MOA

Answer 8

Block post-synaptic dopamine receptors in the CNS

Question 9

Kitty Magic

Answer 9

▪ Alpha 2 Agonist (Dexmedetomidine)
▪ Dissociative (Ketamine)
▪ Opioid (Buprenorphine)

Question 10

Telazol - primary ingredients

Answer 10

Tiletamine and zolazepam

IM (IV only in dogs)

Question 11

Benzodiazepines Reversal:

Answer 11

Flumazenil

Question 12

Opioid Reversal

Answer 12

Naloxone

Question 13

Opioid MOA

Answer 13

Opioid receptors are found throughout the body but the analgesic and sedative effects of opioids are the result of their action on receptors located in the CNS
MU and Kappa

Question 14

neuroleptanalgesia drug combo

Answer 14

Opioid and Tranquilizer

Question 15

Morphine Receptors

Answer 15

True agonist
Mu and Kappa
2-4 hr duration
Class 2

Question 16

Butorphanol

Answer 16

Partial Agonist for both Mu and Kappa
Short duration 45-90 min
Class 4

Question 17

Buprenorphine

Answer 17

Partial agonist Mu, Antagonist Kappa
delayed onset of action 40 min then 6-12 hours
Class 3

Question 18

MAC

Answer 18

▪ MAC Minimum alveolar concentration the lowest concentration of anesthetic that produces no response in 50% of the patients exposed to a painful stimulus

Question 19

Vaporizer settings for maintenance

Answer 19

Iso 1.5-2.5% Sevo 2.5-4% Des 8-12%

Question 20

Maximum vaporizer settings

Answer 20

Iso 5% Sevo 8% Des 18%

Question 21

MAC of Iso Sevo and Des

Answer 21

Iso 1.5-2.5 Sevo 2-2.5 Des7.2-9.8

Question 22

Nociception

Answer 22

transduction, transmission, pain modulation, and perception

Question 23

Drugs that are commonly combined with ketamine

Answer 23

Diazepam
▪	Midazolam
▪	Xylazine (okay for cats, Great for Horses)
▪	Acepromazine
▪	Dexmedetomidine

Question 24

Diazepam

Answer 24

GLASS BROWN bottle (light sensitive)
5mg/ml
Lipophilic (no IM)
Tranquilizerer, Anti-anxiety, skeletal muscle relaxation, anti-convulsant, NO ANALGESIA,

Question 25

Fentanyl transdermal patches

Answer 25

Class 2 take 6 hours in cats and up to 12 hours in dogs to take effect ● Generic (can be cut) vs. Duragesic (cannot be cut) ● Patch duration – 3 days IV - Short duration 30 min

Question 26

Propofol

Answer 26

``` Short acting hypnotic Protect from light Induction agent NO ANALGESIA Do not use inhyoproteinemic patients Apnea, histamine release ```

Question 27

Guaifenesin

Answer 27

Muscle relaxant for horses and Induction

Question 28

TIVA

Answer 28

Total IV Anesthesia (used in large animal) Triple drip | Premed Xylazine, Induce Ketamine, Maintained Guaifenesin, ketamine, xylazine

Question 29

Distribution and elimination of gas anesthetics

Answer 29

Concentration gradient | Alveoli to blood to brain = anesthetic depth

Question 30

Vapor pressure

Answer 30

how fast it turns to gas (higher the number the faster the gas vaporizes)

Question 31

Solubility coefficient

Answer 31

dissolved into blood/tissue (lower the faster the induction and recovery)

Question 32

Iso is special

Answer 32

Iso has fewest adverse effects on heart and low fat solubility

Question 33

Sevo is special

Answer 33

Sevo has high MAC and therefore rapid induction. Liver metabolized and causes hypotension. NO ANALGESIA. Can react to CO2 absorber (Baralyme) creates Compound A which causes kidney damage

Question 34

Des is special

Answer 34

Des needs a heated vaporizer. Fastest rapid induction.

Question 35

N20 why MAC

Answer 35

Nitrous Oxide Added to prev. anesthetics to quicken the effects and reduce negative. 20-30%

Question 36

N2O:O2

Answer 36

2:1 | run oxygen for 5 minutes after nitrous is turned off to reduce poss. hypoxia

Question 37

Contraindications of gas anesthetic

Answer 37

Do not use w/ P w/ brain pressure (cerebral spinal fluid pressure)