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Pharmacology Vet Tech > Wk3 > Flashcards

Wk3 Flashcards

1
Q

Tranquilizer

A

Drug that induces a state of calm.

Aware of surroundings but unconcerned

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2
Q

Sedative

A

Drug that induces CNS depression and drowsiness

unaware of surroundings, can be aroused by noxious stimulus

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3
Q

Phenothiazines

A 
Not controlled
sedation 
anti-emetic, anti-arrhythmic, antihistamine
Penile prolapse in horses
No analgesia
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4
Q

Neuroleptanalgesia

A

A state of profound sedation and analgesia induced by the simultaneous administration of an opioid and a tranquilizer.

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5
Q

Ketamine Concentration

A

100mg/ml

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6
Q

Drugs that combine with Ketamine

A

Diazepam (equal volume not mg)
Xylazine (okay for cats, Great for Horses)
Acepromazine

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7
Q

Phenothiazine Drugs

A

Acepromazine

Chlorpromazine (large animal anti-emetic)

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8
Q

Phenothiazine MOA

A

Block post-synaptic dopamine receptors in the CNS

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9
Q

Kitty Magic

A

▪ Alpha 2 Agonist (Dexmedetomidine)
▪ Dissociative (Ketamine)
▪ Opioid (Buprenorphine)

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10
Q

Telazol - primary ingredients

A

Tiletamine and zolazepam

IM (IV only in dogs)

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11
Q

Benzodiazepines Reversal:

A

Flumazenil

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12
Q

Opioid Reversal

A

Naloxone

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13
Q

Opioid MOA

A

Opioid receptors are found throughout the body but the analgesic and sedative effects of opioids are the result of their action on receptors located in the CNS
MU and Kappa

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14
Q

neuroleptanalgesia drug combo

A

Opioid and Tranquilizer

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15
Q

Morphine Receptors

A

True agonist
Mu and Kappa
2-4 hr duration
Class 2

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16
Q

Butorphanol

A

Partial Agonist for both Mu and Kappa
Short duration 45-90 min
Class 4

17
Q

Buprenorphine

A

Partial agonist Mu, Antagonist Kappa
delayed onset of action 40 min then 6-12 hours
Class 3

18
Q

MAC

A

▪ MAC Minimum alveolar concentration the lowest concentration of anesthetic that produces no response in 50% of the patients exposed to a painful stimulus

19
Q

Vaporizer settings for maintenance

A

Iso 1.5-2.5% Sevo 2.5-4% Des 8-12%

20
Q

Maximum vaporizer settings

A

Iso 5% Sevo 8% Des 18%

21
Q

MAC of Iso Sevo and Des

A

Iso 1.5-2.5 Sevo 2-2.5 Des7.2-9.8

22
Q

Nociception

A

transduction, transmission, pain modulation, and perception

23
Q

Drugs that are commonly combined with ketamine

A 
Diazepam
▪	Midazolam
▪	Xylazine (okay for cats, Great for Horses)
▪	Acepromazine
▪	Dexmedetomidine
24
Q

Diazepam

A

GLASS BROWN bottle (light sensitive)
5mg/ml
Lipophilic (no IM)
Tranquilizerer, Anti-anxiety, skeletal muscle relaxation, anti-convulsant, NO ANALGESIA,

25
Q

Fentanyl transdermal patches

A

Class 2
take 6 hours in cats and up to 12 hours in dogs to take effect
● Generic (can be cut) vs. Duragesic (cannot be cut)
● Patch duration – 3 days
IV - Short duration 30 min

26
Q

Propofol

A 
Short acting hypnotic
Protect from light
Induction agent
NO ANALGESIA
Do not use inhyoproteinemic patients
Apnea, histamine release
27
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Muscle relaxant for horses and Induction

28
Q

TIVA

A

Total IV Anesthesia (used in large animal) Triple drip

Premed Xylazine, Induce Ketamine, Maintained Guaifenesin, ketamine, xylazine

29
Q

Distribution and elimination of gas anesthetics

A

Concentration gradient

Alveoli to blood to brain = anesthetic depth

30
Q

Vapor pressure

A

how fast it turns to gas (higher the number the faster the gas vaporizes)

31
Q

Solubility coefficient

A

dissolved into blood/tissue (lower the faster the induction and recovery)

32
Q

Iso is special

A

Iso has fewest adverse effects on heart and low fat solubility

33
Q

Sevo is special

A

Sevo has high MAC and therefore rapid induction. Liver metabolized and causes hypotension. NO ANALGESIA. Can react to CO2 absorber (Baralyme) creates Compound A which causes kidney damage

34
Q

Des is special

A

Des needs a heated vaporizer. Fastest rapid induction.

35
Q

N20
why
MAC

A

Nitrous Oxide
Added to prev. anesthetics to quicken the effects and reduce negative.
20-30%

36
Q

N2O:O2

A

2:1

run oxygen for 5 minutes after nitrous is turned off to reduce poss. hypoxia

37
Q

Contraindications of gas anesthetic

A

Do not use w/ P w/ brain pressure (cerebral spinal fluid pressure)

Pharmacology Vet Tech (4 decks)

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