WK2 - PSY125 Lecture Flashcards
7/19/211PSY 125 Psychological ProcessesWeek 2: Perception and Object RecognitionDr Rebecca St GeorgeRebecca.stgeorge@ut
Module 2.1 Overview: Visual Perception and Object Recognition
Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of this module you should be able to:
Describe how light is encoded into a neural signal.
Describe the visual pathways in the brain and their function
Describe how objects are recognised by both ‘bottom-up’ and ‘top-down’ processing
Describe how facial recognition is unique
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Overview: Visual Perception and Object Recognition
This module will cover the basics of how we use vision to perceive objects in the world around us.
We will look at how light is transformed into a neural signal by the eye and
how the brain is able to interpret this neural signal
in order to perceive and identify objects in the environment.
We will consider how both ‘bottom-up’ processing (the incoming visual stimulus) and ‘top-down’ processing (application of our prior knowledge about the world) lead to perception and recognition.
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Outline Week 2 Topics:
- Why is psychology interested in perception?
- How is light encoded into a neural representation
- Object recognition through visual processing in the brain
- Recognition of faces
- Practical workshop
- Reading: Chapters 3 and 4
- Quiz: YES next week! Week 3
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Why study perception and recognition in psychology?
The outside world Stuff that’s been useful so far
Perception of the world
A small bit 1 can interpret
See photo in lecture note
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Sensation:
- the process of gathering information
through the senses.
C
Perception:
- the process of combining sensory
information to form a
representation of the world.
Involves:
attention,
selection,
organization
and interpretation of sensation.X.
Recognition:
- the process of matching between your perceptual representation and a stored representation of an object.
This match can serve a number of purposes:
• Naming: “a woman”
• Individual identification: “That’s Bec”
• Recognition Memory: “I’ve seen her before”
The Human Visual System
• Vision is the dominant sense for humans.
• More brain area is devoted to vision compared to any of the other senses.
When there is conflicting sensory inputs: vision wins!
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Electromagnetic spectrum
Shorter wavelength
- Higher frequency
- Higher energy
From Shortest ( Highest energy) to Longest ( Lowest energy) =
Cosmic Rays ( 10 to the power of -12m Wavelength)
Gamma rays rays
X-ray
Ultra Violet
Visible light ( Wavelength= from Violet at 0.4 to the power of -6 m to Red 0.7 to the power of -6 m)
Infrared
Microwaves
Radio ( 10 to the power of 3 meters Wavelength)
See photo in notes
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Anatomy of the Human Eye
Iris Cornea Lens Ciliary muscle Choroid Retina Sclera Fovea Optic nerve
Memorise this from the notes
X
The Eye: transforming light into a neural signal
Any creature that moves must have a way of forming some perception of the world that extends beyond direct physical contact.
In order to survive, it is imperative to understand what is happing nearby, in order to anticipate a threat or seek-out sustenance.
To achieve this, many animals have evolved sensors that are sensitive to electromagnetic energy.
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Intended Learning Outcomes
By the end of this module you should be able to:
Describe how light is encoded into a neural signal.
Describe the visual pathways in the brain and their function
Describe how objects are recognised by both ‘bottom-up’ and ‘top-down’ processing.
Describe how facial recognition is unique
X
Intended Learning Outcomes
Describe how light is encoded into a neural signal.
C
Intended Learning Outcomes
Describe the visual pathways in the brain and their function
X
Intended Learning Outcomes
Describe how objects are recognised by both ‘bottom-up’ and ‘top-down’ processing.
X
Intended Learning Outcomes
Describe how facial recognition is unique
X
