WK2 Flashcards
- List factors that influence the rate of bone loss.
a. Hormonal status, nutrition, smoking, alcohol use, and activity level
- Which population has the greatest vulnerability to bone fracture?
a. Both young children as well as postsurgical children and adults
- For which conditions are hip orthoses indicated?
a. Inadequate or ineffective development of the acetabulum and head of the femur in infancy.
b. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head associated with inadequate blood supply during childhood.
c. loss of cartilage and abnormal bone deposition associated with OA.
d. Loss of bone strength and density in osteoporosis.
- List 2 important functions of the hip joint.
a. Support the top half of the body during functional activities.
b. Translate motion to the lower half of the body.
- How long does clinical union of a fracture take in the repair phase post injury and what is recommended during this timeframe?
a. Can last up to 3 months.
b. Immobilization.
- How long does the process of callus maturation last, particularly with complex fractures?
a. Can last a year or more.
- What are intertrochanteric fractures?
a. Fractures of the femoral metaphysis; they may require ORIF or hip replacement.
- How are fractures of the pelvis classified?
a. They are classified as either stable or unstable on the basis of the extent of damage that disrupts the circumferential integrity of the pelvis.
- What are persons with unstable fractures of the pelvis at risk for?
a. At risk for life threatening hemorrhage, residual genitourinary or neurological complications because of the vessels, nerves, muscles, and organs that are housed within the pelvis
- What is a pathological fracture?
a. Fractures due to underlying pathologies that compromise bone density or metabolism.
- What factors/issues does the orthopedist consider when choosing an appropriate immobilization strategy?
a. Stability of the fracture site and how well a device will be able to maintain fracture reduction and achieve desired result.
b. The condition of the skin and the soft tissue
c. Limb volume over time, i.e., edema.
d. Patient’s ability to comply with instructions.
- What are 2 reasons a bent knee cast is chosen for immobilization?
a. NWB must be ensured.
b. Aid in controlling tibial rotation.
- What are custom-fabricated/fit fracture orthoses designed to do?
a. Designed to maintain a body part in optimal anatomical position, limit joint motion, and unload weight bearing forces.
- What is the major advantage of fracture orthoses vs cast brace?
a. Can be removed for wound care.
- What might be added to an AFO fracture orthosis to compensate for limited heel, ankle, and toe rocker motion during gait?
a. A cushion heel and rocker sole.
