Wk1 Functional Groups

Question 1

Amino group formula

Answer 1

NH2-R

Question 2

Amino group family

Answer 2

Amines

Question 3

Amino group properties

Answer 3

Acts as base - tends to attract protons to form NH3-R

Question 4

Carboxyl group formula

Answer 4

O=C-OH

Question 5

Carboxyl group family

Answer 5

Carboxylic acids

Question 6

Carboxyl group properties

Answer 6

Acts as an acid - tends to lose proton in solution to form C double bonded to O, single bonded to O-, and single bonded to R group

Question 7

Carbonyl group family formula

Answer 7

C=O

Question 8

Carbonyl group family of molecules

Answer 8

Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 9

Aldehyde group formula

Answer 9

H-C=O, C bonded to at least one H and R group

Question 10

Ketone group formula

Answer 10

C=O, C bonded to two R groups

Question 11

Carbonyl group properties

Answer 11

Aldehydes, especially react with certain compounds to produce larger molecules to form OH-C-H bonded to two R groups

Question 12

Hydroxyl group formula

Answer 12

R-OH

Question 13

Hydroxyl group family

Answer 13

Alcohols

Question 14

Hydroxyl group properties

Answer 14

Highly polar, so makes compounds more soluble through hydrogen bonding w/ water; may also act as WEAK ACID and drop a proton

Question 15

Phosphate group formula

Answer 15

O-P=O bonded to 2 O^-

Question 16

Phosphate group family

Answer 16

Organic phosphates

Question 17

Phosphate group properties

Answer 17

Molecules with more than one phosphate linked together store large amounts of chemical energy

Question 18

Sulfhydryl group formula

Answer 18

R-SH

Question 19

Sulfhydryl group family

Answer 19

Thiols

Question 20

Sulfhydryl group properties

Answer 20

When present in proteins, can form disulfide (S-S) bonds that contribute to protein structure