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Health Pop A > Wk1 &2 > Flashcards

Wk1 &2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is public health

A

core element of population health.
Focuses on health determinants, prevention, and public health policy,
Interventions

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2
Q

Population health

A

Incorporates health delivery, health coverage, health access, prevention, screening, health promotion, chronic care management

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3
Q

What is compression of morbidity

A

The longer one lives healthy and well, the shorter they experience illness, pain and suffering

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4
Q

Foundations of Pop Health

A

Focus on personal behaviors & health promotion; coordinated care across providers with collective health population in mind; enhanced meaningful use of EMR; identifying & reducing health risks & unhealthy lifestyle behaviors

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5
Q

Pop Health Frameworks

A

Healthy People 2020; National priorities & goals; Triple aim; CDC 6/18 initiative

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6
Q

Goals for Healthy People 2020

A

High quality longevity; eliminate disparity; create healthy social & physical environments; promote healthy behaviors

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7
Q

Goals for Triple Aim

A

Population health
Experience of Care
Per Capita Cost

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8
Q

Goals for CDC’s 6/18 initiative

A 
Reduce tobacco use
control bp
improve abx use
control asthma
prevent unintended pregnancy
Prevent DM 2
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9
Q

NQS priorities

A 
Patient Safety
Person- and Family-Centered Care
Care coordination
Effective Prevention and Treatment
Healthy Living
Care affordability
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10
Q

What is Primordial prevention

A

Creating a healthy environment and culture.

Health promotion & wellness activities

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11
Q

Primary prevention

A

Life style modifications:

  • reduce smoking
  • eat healthy diet with portion control
  • exercise regularly
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12
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Screening to catch problems early

  • cancer
  • bp
  • cholesterol
  • wellness exams
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13
Q

Tertiary prevention

A

Disease management to manage chronic conditions.

Use chronic care model to achieve this

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14
Q

What does chronic care model involve?

A

Community, Health Systems, Individual patients, healthcare team

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15
Q

What are the four pillars of Population Health

A
  • Chronic Care Management
  • Quality and safety
  • Public Health
  • Health Policy
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16
Q

Epidemic

A

cases occurring at a higher rate than expected within a population and derived from a common source

17
Q

Outbreak

A

epidemic localized to a small geographic area, neighborhood, city, or region

18
Q

Endemic

A

constant presence of dz in a population

19
Q

Pandemic

A

epidemic affecting populations of an extensive region, country or continent

20
Q

Prevalence

A

Number of existing cases

21
Q

Incidence

A

Number of new cases over a certain period of time

22
Q

Spectrum of dz severity

A

Asymptomatic, mild, mod, severe, fatal

23
Q

What do epidemiologists do?

A

Explore the distribution and causes of dz among groups of people
=population medicine

24
Q

What are the objectives of epidemiology

A

determine causes of etiology of disease;
burden of disease among population; study natural history and progression of dz; evaluate health care services and interventions; provide knowledge base

25
Q

Sources of epidemiologic data

A

Vital registry system;
EMR;
Pop-based surveys;
U.S. Census

26
Q

Rate formula

A

(number of cases/pop. at risk)x 100

27
Q

Descriptive epidemiology

A

Describes distribution

When was the pop affected?
Where was the pop affected?
Who was affected?

28
Q

Analytic epidemiology

A

Test hypotheses about possible associations btwn exposures and outcomes.
How was the pop. affected?
Why was the pop. affected?

29
Q

How do you quantify descriptive epidemiology?

A 
Mortality rates
Incidence
Prevalence
Epidemic
Surveillance
30
Q

Analytic epidemiology terms

A

Exposure: possible determinant of a health-related state or event. aka risk factor/ protective factor
Outcome:health-related state or event that is affected by the exposure

31
Q

What the the two major categories of analytic study designs?

A

Experimental: researchers control subject exposure.
Observational: don’t intervene or impose an exposure

32
Q

Case control studies

A

retrospective
cases compared with control
Start with outcome of interest–>comparison for the occurrence of the exposure of interest.
Evaluated using odds ratio (odds of exposure among cases)/(odds of exposure among controls).
Outcome assessed first

33
Q

Cohort studies

A

Prospective or Retrospective
Subjects are assessed either for their exposure/outcome status.
Follows cohort over time or look back to their history to ID if and when they developed a particular health outcome.
Exposure assessed first.

Health Pop A (4 decks)

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