wk 7- knee

Question 1

knee ottawa rules

Answer 1

55 or older
tenderness head of fibula
isolated tenderness of patella
unable to flex 90deg
unable to walk 4 steps

Question 2

PFJP - structures that can cause pain

Answer 2

SUBCHONDRAL bone
retinaculum
fat pad
ligaments

Question 3

what is recommended for PFJP

Answer 3

exercise (hip and knee movements, not isolated knee)

foot orthosis - short term relief

taping

Question 4

what isnt recommend for PFJP

Answer 4

isolated movements

electrophysical agents

Question 5

functional test for PFJP and PT

Answer 5

PFJP - squats
PT- decline squats

Question 6

classficiation for os goods

Answer 6

1- cartilage attachment without ossicle
2. cartilag attachment with ossicle
3. insertional cartilage
4. mature attachment

Question 7

tests for ACL

Answer 7

lachmen
lever
anterior drawer

Question 8

test for MCL and results to determine tear

Answer 8

valgus stress test 30 and 0 deg
gappin 3-5 grade 1
5-10 grade 2
more 10mm grade 3

Question 9

what to do if theres an MCL and ACL injury

Answer 9

brace at less than 30deg extensionto conservatively management MCL before ACL surgery then retest gapping after surgery and assess if an MCL surgery is required

Question 10

3 major stabilisers of PLC

Answer 10

LCL
politeus tendon
popliteofibular ligament

Question 11

tests for LCL

Answer 11

varus stress test at 0 and 30
dial test at 30 and 90. >10deg, PCL injury suspected if 90 shows change

Question 12

Mneiscus test

Answer 12

mcmurrays
thessaleys
joint line tenderness

Question 13

PCL tests

Answer 13

posterior drawer
dial test
sag sign

Question 14

PCL MOI and function

Answer 14

blow to anterior shin in crash
falling on proxmal tibia with foot plantar flexed
hyper extension, hyper flexion

function
resist posterior translation of tibia
resist IR at >90deg flexion (primary)
resist ER at >90deg flexion (secondary)

Question 15

LCL MOI and funcction

Answer 15

varus stress
hyperextension

resist varus translation forces
resist ER of tibia

Question 16

MCL MOI and function

Answer 16

valgus stress

resist valgus translation, rotation forces

Question 17

ACL MOI and function

Answer 17

anterior translation of tibia
valgus stress
internal rotation
hyperflexion, hyperextension

resist anterior translation of tibia and internal rotation forces

Question 18

acute injury response in the body

Answer 18

1. inflammatory/degeneration
   -damage to blood vessels (bleeding and clotting)
   -migration of WBCs and fluid exudation
   -removal of damaged tissue through phagocytosis
2. regeneration
   -repiar begins on scaffold of clotting and healthy tissue remaining
   -vascularisation with new capillary formation
3. Repair
   - fibrin, fibrinogen form cross link formation
   -fibroblasts form extracellular matrix tissue
4. maturation
   -maturation into connective tissue
   -contracture of scar tissue
   -recovery of function